Journal of Korean Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance

Vol.43 No.3

Current Issue
The analysis of newspaper articles about Korean Women’s Judo -Focused on gender-discriminated expressions from 1970’s to 1990’s- 체육사 : 한국 여자유도에 관한 신문기사의 내용분석 -1970년대부터 1990년대까지의 성차별적 표현을 중심으로- 김주연JooYounKim 43(3) 3-14, 2004 Title The analysis of newspaper articles about Korean Women’s Judo -Focused on gender-discriminated expressions from 1970’s to 1990’s- 체육사 : 한국 여자유도에 관한 신문기사의 내용분석 -1970년대부터 1990년대까지의 성차별적 표현을 중심으로- 김주연JooYounKim DOI: Abstract Sports supported and continued the strong images of men in Korean society. And once competitive games recognized as only men’s representation. Cause of general public have a biased view of Women’s Judo. Newspapers were charged of the important part for prejudiced views about Women’s Judo from early to present. So, this paper analyzed the contents of articles divided into some periods on the focus of gender-discriminated expressions in major newspapers. As a result, gender-discriminated expressions of contents of newspapers articles as mass media append same way between sex-role of society and sex-role of spots. Therefore it is necessary to lead the public to better understanding of this matter about gender-discriminated expressions in newspapers. Key Words Woman’s judo, gender-discriminated expressions
Women Sports in Ancient Greek World 체육사 : 고대 그리스세계의 여성체육 하웅용WoongYongHa 43(3) 15-26, 2004 Title Women Sports in Ancient Greek World 체육사 : 고대 그리스세계의 여성체육 하웅용WoongYongHa DOI: Abstract This study examines sports and physical activities in ancient Greek Women. The lack of scholarship misrepresents women’s historic roles in the development of modem sport, including the conflicts women’s participation has generated, it is not true. But, it is true that until very recently, sport was presumed to be a male domain. While it is historically true that sports have usually been more important for male than for females. The social institutions used to either exclude women from sport or limit their participation have been portrayed as natural. However, Greek women had much free to participate sport activities than medieval women and even women in Victorian age. Under the Greek social circumstance, women were usually excluded from military and political affairs and even from ordinary domestic activities as a daily visit to the market, little women’s sport existed and that it was insignificant in ancient Greek World. However, it is true that there is archaeological evidence of sport or sport like activity during the ancient Greek, and the inscription of the three and possible four female victors in athletic festival are authentic and most important in the history of women’s sport. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze social and athletic importance of women’s sports in the ancient Greek world. However, it is a significant imitation of this study that there is relatively little evidence for comprehensive history of Greek women’s sports. While a few women are recorded on surviving victory list, hundreds of men are reported. Because of the lack of evidence, the history of women’s sport in ancient Greece must be viewed in the perspective of men’s sport of the same period. Throughout the ancient literature any suggestion of sport-like activity for women becomes evidence because of its rarity. Key Words Ancient Greece, women sport, ancient greek women
A Study on Physical Education Cultural Movement of Un Hyeong Yeo 체육철학 : 몽양(夢陽) 여운형(呂運亨)의 체육(體育)문화(文化)활동(活動) 김동규DongKyooKim , 주동진DongJinJoo 43(3) 29-40, 2004 Title A Study on Physical Education Cultural Movement of Un Hyeong Yeo 체육철학 : 몽양(夢陽) 여운형(呂運亨)의 체육(體育)문화(文化)활동(活動) 김동규DongKyooKim , 주동진DongJinJoo DOI: Abstract After independence of nation in contemporary and modem history of Korea, when there was conflict between US centered Anti-Communist party and Soviet centered communist party, there a man who was not to be bounded but kept in moderation He was a politician who claimd an Independence movement and establishment of country liberation. His name is Un Hyeong Yeo(呂運亨). That is, he was not also politician but also a physical culturist who was intent to the Independence and Reunification of nation through nationalism. In this point which was thirst for the reunification, his ideals were interpreted variously. Especially, his physical activity which was interpreted to important means is worth of evaluating and it will produce the greatness of Korea and make wholesome nationalism. As he was president of Korea Sports Council·Korean Olympic Committce, Korea Football Association, Korea Amateur Ssireum Association, he made a great contribution toward development of Physical education of Korea. Also as he was Chosun JoongAng Press (朝鮮中央日報) of chief, he headed for cancellation the national flag of Japan (日章旗抹殺事件) and pointed racial spirit to members through physical exercise. That is, his physical education was intend to nothing but create Independence of nation and Reunification Key Words Un Hyeong Yeo, physical education cultural movement, nationalism, Chosun JoongAng Press
What does Ki-hap(shout) Mean in Oriental Martial Arts 체육철학 : 동양무예(東洋武藝)에 있어서 기합(氣合)의 의미 김이수YiSooKim 43(3) 41-51, 2004 Title What does Ki-hap(shout) Mean in Oriental Martial Arts 체육철학 : 동양무예(東洋武藝)에 있어서 기합(氣合)의 의미 김이수YiSooKim DOI: Abstract This research started from a question, “What does Ki-hap mean to trainers in martial arts?” It is conducted on two finds of methods: the Participation & Observation Method (Qualitative Research Methodology) and the In-depth Interviews Method. As a result of the research it suggested that Ki-hap displays strong mental & psychological senses including even life & death. In terms of word meaning, it means, “to encourage others to do” as well as to recover one’s feeling, breath, & spirit. In particular, it also revealed that Ki-hap could be used as “one method to express life to oneself with renewed vigor.” Accordingly, Ki-hap can be defined as “a series of activities to control one’s breath through shouts, focus one’s attention, then regain one’s spirit. Especially, it is displayed in various types and methods on the stage of martial arts, namely, three methods: the beginning, the intermediate and the final. They are, however, voluntary Ki-hap(unconscious & natural Ki-hap) in common, which should promote confidence and concentration of the self while showing one’s power to and confusing foes. In particular, the ultimate goal of Ki-hap is regarded as one method to culminate in martial skills, through the unity of spirit, mind and body. ※ Note: Ki-hap The sound produced when martial arts trainers shout themselves for concentration of spirit in martial arts, such as Taekwondo; Judo; Hapkido; Karate; etc. In the Western Societies, it is not called KI-hap but Kiai from Japan. Key Words ki-hap, martial arts, voluntary ki-hap
The Common Good in Sport Phenomenon: How Can We Find Out? 체육철학 : 스포츠현상에서의 공동(共同)선(善): 어떻게 찾아야 하나? 남중웅JoongWoongNam , 김동규DongGyuKim 43(3) 53-63, 2004 Title The Common Good in Sport Phenomenon: How Can We Find Out? 체육철학 : 스포츠현상에서의 공동(共同)선(善): 어떻게 찾아야 하나? 남중웅JoongWoongNam , 김동규DongGyuKim DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to find out the common good of sport community in sport phenomenon. But this study was not criticize cognition of liberalists who are interested in securing freedom and right of individual participant in sport phenomenon. While recognizing the proper sphere and role of liberalists this study give much relative importance in community value like public interest. The point of view of sport community and sport socio-ethics give much weight in moral justice like sport righteousness, sport order, sport responsibility in sport phenomenon. Therefore this study discussed how to find out common good at the point of view of sport community, sport socio-ethics. Key Words Sport phenomenon, common good, public interest, liberalim, communitarianism
An Approach on the Sport Experience Based on Merleau-Ponty’s Notion "Flesh" 체육철학 : 스포츠 경험에 대한 메를로-퐁티의 살 철학적 접근 이형일HyungILLee 43(3) 65-74, 2004 Title An Approach on the Sport Experience Based on Merleau-Ponty’s Notion "Flesh" 체육철학 : 스포츠 경험에 대한 메를로-퐁티의 살 철학적 접근 이형일HyungILLee DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to understand the sport experience based on Merleau-Ponty’s notion “flesh”. This study reviews some concepts such as a body and flesh which are the essentials of the Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology based on his first and the later philosophy. The review shows that the body is a subject which communicates the oneself with the other through perception. And flesh is chiasm of flesh as inter-world which interweaves between the subject and the object, and also the duality of flesh which makes the subject and the object. This study included a careful consideration of the notions world and flesh in sport phenomena which are formulated in intimate conjunction with a proper foundation of sport embodiment. It is a unique research which can compensate for the incompleteness of the existing philosophical related sports literature. The existing literature in the field of sport and physical education attempts to describe or analyze the meaningfulness or mystical levels of sporting experience. The types of phenomena are often experienced or described by ordinary people, athletes, and physical educators. Our interpretation of the dialogue between the sporting body and the sporting world based on Merleau-Ponty’s notion flesh offer an unique account for this kind of experience. Key Words Sport experience, body, flesh, phenomenology
A Study on the Bullying Experienced Dance Majoring Students’ Satisfaction of School Life Majoring students’ Satisfaction of School Life and Dance Exercise 스포츠사회학 : 집단 따돌림을 경험한 무용전공 학생의 학교생활 만족과 무용연습량 연구 강미선MiSunKang , 이예순YeSunLee , 제임스전JamesJeon , 임나리NaRiIm , 김정현JeongHyunKim 43(3) 77-86, 2004 Title A Study on the Bullying Experienced Dance Majoring Students’ Satisfaction of School Life Majoring students’ Satisfaction of School Life and Dance Exercise 스포츠사회학 : 집단 따돌림을 경험한 무용전공 학생의 학교생활 만족과 무용연습량 연구 강미선MiSunKang , 이예순YeSunLee , 제임스전JamesJeon , 임나리NaRiIm , 김정현JeongHyunKim DOI: Abstract It is known that bullying is a wide-spread phenomenon in secondary education already. The purpose of the present study was to find out the bullying experienced dance majoring students’ school life and dance exercise. The subjects were dance majoring students in middle and high school located in seoul and Kyonggi-do. 786 students in 5 art schools and 20 dance academies were selected as samples from September to November, 2003 using purposive sampling method. Degree of bulling was measured by the items based on Olweus(1993)’s scale, satisfaction of school life by Min(2001)’s scales, Descriptive and covariance analysis method were used to solve problems of the study. On the basis of the results, the conclusions were drawn as follows; 1. 45.1% of male students, 27.8% of female students, 27.1% of middle school student, and 28.6% of high school students have bullying experience among dance majoring students. 2. Primary and secondary bullying types those dance majoring students experienced are isolating and ridiculous. 3. The more dance majoring students’ degree of bullying, the lower satisfaction of teachers and peers. 4. The more their degree of bullying, the fewer dance exercise frequency per week. Key Words bullying, satisfaction of school life, dance exercise
The Relationship between Degree of Participation in Cycle Race, Addictive Gambling Tendency and Recognition of Cycle Race 스포츠사회학 : 경륜 참여정도와 도박적 참여성향 및 경륜인식의 관계 김양례YangReaKim 43(3) 87-102, 2004 Title The Relationship between Degree of Participation in Cycle Race, Addictive Gambling Tendency and Recognition of Cycle Race 스포츠사회학 : 경륜 참여정도와 도박적 참여성향 및 경륜인식의 관계 김양례YangReaKim DOI: Abstract The purpose of phis study was to examine the relationship between the cycle race participants’ degree of involvement, addictive gambling tendency and recognition of cycle race at pro-cycle race in Korea. Also we presented several plain so that pro-cycling could be established as one of sound leisure sport in the future. To attain the goal of this study describe above we used the questionnaire survey and interview method. And to construct the contents of the questionnaire, we referred to the previous works of Lee, Byung-chan(1998) and Lee Hyun-keun(2000). Using the stratified random sampling method, total 390 questionnaires out of original 400 were finally selected. The subjects was composed of adult cycle race customers watching the scene of game at the spectators’ seats at the Jamshil cycle race velodrome, and at 12 off-track betting offices managed by Seoul olympic sports promotion foundation. The conclusions based on above study method were is follows. First, the degree of the participation in cycle race had an influence on the addictive gambling tendency. It was revealed that the cycle race participants with high degree of involvement had the tendency to participate at the game mainly for getting high allotment. To put it concretely, they almost preferred exacta to other betting way such as win, place, quinella. Also they often bet over the regulatory ceiling of the betting amount per race, and their addictive gambling tendency was caused mainly from their former experience of winning and the resulting cognitive misconception at the game. Second, the degree of cycle race participation had an influence on the recognition of cycle race. The higher the degree of participation the more tendency to view cycle race as a gambling rather than a sound leisure sport. Altogether they showed the tendency not to invite the game to other people, and objected the current regulatory rule of limiting the betting amount per race. The reasons for these result, we thought, was the overall increase of their opportunities to participate at the cycle race. Third participants with relatively low degree of addictive gambling tendency had usually recognize cycle race as sound leisure activity and recommended to their colleagues. Also they showed high tendency to support the limiting of maximum betting amount per race. Key Words Cycle race, addictive gambling tendency, recognition of cycle race
An Ethnographic Analysis for Characteristic of Sociable in Fraternal Golfer’s Subculture 스포츠사회학 : 골프동호인 하위문화의 사교성에 관한 문화기술적 연구 김찬룡ChanYongKim , 이근모KeunMoLee 43(3) 103-115, 2004 Title An Ethnographic Analysis for Characteristic of Sociable in Fraternal Golfer’s Subculture 스포츠사회학 : 골프동호인 하위문화의 사교성에 관한 문화기술적 연구 김찬룡ChanYongKim , 이근모KeunMoLee DOI: Abstract This research adopted an ethnographic method, one of the commonly used qualitative research methods in order to get an comprehensive analysis characteristic of sociable on Korean fraternal golfers’ subculture. Fraternal golfers(n=17) onto chosen as interviewees, and 5 assistant informers including semi-professional golfers, country club employees and caddies were selected as participants in this research in order to get mutual compensation for the limit of the actual observation and in-depth interviews. On the basis of those data collected, contents analysis and classification analysis were performed. Various methods were made efficient uses in order to obtain validity and reliability, such as concentrative observation, reflective subjectivity, in-depth description, inquiry on fellow researchers, triangulation, member check and so on. The conclusions were drawn based on results and they are as follows; First, Korean fraternal golfers participated in golf, in order to form transcendental rapport in ages and social statues. Second, Korean fraternal golfers seek to form gatherings, in order to promote social life. Third, Korean fraternal golfers make golf tour to aboard, in order to promote social life. Forth, Korean fraternal golfers to seek sociable life and sometimes to wish a illicit relationship. Fifth Korean fraternal golfers to use golf as reception, in order to promote harmonious business relationship. Sixth, Koran fraternal golfers thought that golf is social exercise. So they emphasized golf manner and etiquettes. Key Words Fraternal golfers, ethnographic research, sociable
The Effect of the Motives for Taking "Elementary Dance" Course on the Dance articipation Intention among Students in Teacher’s Colleges 스포츠사회학 : 교육대학생의 초등무용 교과수강 동기가 무용참가 의사에 미치는 영향 이기화KeeWhaLee 43(3) 117-125, 2004 Title The Effect of the Motives for Taking "Elementary Dance" Course on the Dance articipation Intention among Students in Teacher’s Colleges 스포츠사회학 : 교육대학생의 초등무용 교과수강 동기가 무용참가 의사에 미치는 영향 이기화KeeWhaLee DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the motives for taking ‘Elementary Dance’ course on the dance participation intention among students in teacher’s colleges. To accomplish this purpose, I survey e 921 students who attend teachers colleges nationwide. The research hypotheses was designed based on the previous studies and theories The instrument is a questionnaire that was designed bases on previous studies. The data were collected and analyzed using the SPSS 11.0. Program Statistics employed in this study were descriptive analysis and multiple regression. Each hypothesis was tested at the significant level of .05. The results of this study were described as follows. First, the demographic variable has an influence on the motives for taking ‘elementary dance’ course. That is, the expectations about taking ‘elementary dance’ course differed according to demographic variable such as sex, age and health Second, the demographic variable except for sex has an influence on dance participation. And the possibility to continually participate in the dancing was presented that educational university of student didn’t have an influent. on the sex. Third, taking elementary dance course his an influence on the dance participation. The body image, achievenent/showing off, and excited catharsis factor of elementary dance class have positive influences on the passibility to continually participate in the dancing. But a social relationship factor has a negative influence. Fourth a lecture of elementary dance class has an influence on a will of dance participation. The catharsis factor of elementary dance class has positive influences on a will of dance participation. But the social relationship factor has a negative influence. In conclusion the expectations of elementary dance class program have a positive and a negative influences on increasing satisfaction of elementary dance class and university life including individual characteristics. And it contributes to determining factors of intention to life-time dance participation among university of education students. Key Words Elementary dance course, dance participation intension
A study on policy alternative for class absence of student-athletes 스포츠사회학 : 학생선수들의 수업결손에 대한 정책대안연구 이상연SangYeonLee , 안민석MinSeokAhn 43(3) 127-135, 2004 Title A study on policy alternative for class absence of student-athletes 스포츠사회학 : 학생선수들의 수업결손에 대한 정책대안연구 이상연SangYeonLee , 안민석MinSeokAhn DOI: Abstract Koreans, have utilized sports to gain prestige into international community and to save propaganda an ideological purposes until the 88 Seoul Olympic Games, and it had very strong elits sport system. A balanced development of elite sports and grassroots spurts, however, has been a critical issue. The academic achievement of the student-athlete in Korea is a currently hot issue. The public is aware of the potential problems regarding the quality of education that student-athlete receive through the efforts of muck-raking journalists and ex-athletes. There doesn’t appeal to be a positive relationship between athletic participation and academic performance at the school level. Also, the administrative authority responsible for policing the athletic programs of student-athlete is likely to neglect the investigation of charges that athletes may be receiving inferior educations. Then, the paper identified the level of school-absence for the student-athlete and analyzed the problem based on different sport such as baseball, soccerball and basketball. In conclusion, the paper provided some directions for reforming the system of the school elite-sport; abolishing the quarter and semi-quarter system, considering the academic record for college enterance, establishing the matches at weekend and vacation instead of workday and so on. Key Words Student-athletes, class absence
The Consuming Culture Research which it Follows in Age of the Sports Tourism Participants 스포츠사회학 : 스포츠관광 참가자들의 연령에 따른 소비문화 연구 이재형JaeHyungLee , 이근모KeunMoLee 43(3) 137-147, 2004 Title The Consuming Culture Research which it Follows in Age of the Sports Tourism Participants 스포츠사회학 : 스포츠관광 참가자들의 연령에 따른 소비문화 연구 이재형JaeHyungLee , 이근모KeunMoLee DOI: Abstract The research which it sees currently with the skis participant and the golf participant above ten thousand 18 three which are participating to sports tourism joins with a personal or club form in corresponding item and people 733 people which participate their consuming culture with the investigation tool which it will yell, the question which is composed with the item 20 question item regarding the demographics quality 6 question item, the sports tourism participation quality 10 question item and a consuming culture in the object in masses anger of sports tourism it analyzes it contributes and the place where it provides the study for trade name complement data of sports and tourism the result of the research which is objective of the research which it sees with afterwords is same. 1) medium consuming which is a subordinate factor of consuming culture compared in 30 price 40 and it appeared tree highly. 2) the equipment purchase which is a subordinate factor of consuming culture the skis participant compared in the golf participant and it appeared more highly. 3) medium information which is a subordinate factor of consuming culture followed in item and age and the difference which consider did net appear. 4) the goods purchase which is a subordinate factor of consuming culture the skis participant compared in the golf participant and it appeared more highly. Key Words Sports tourism, consuming culture, participation motive
Systemic Analysis of the Effective Factors of the Korean Foreign Policy Decision to the North Korea 스포츠사회학 : 한국 대북 스포츠 외교정책결정 영향요인에 관한 체제론적 분석연구 이현수HyunSuLee 43(3) 149-159, 2004 Title Systemic Analysis of the Effective Factors of the Korean Foreign Policy Decision to the North Korea 스포츠사회학 : 한국 대북 스포츠 외교정책결정 영향요인에 관한 체제론적 분석연구 이현수HyunSuLee DOI: Abstract This research is the systemic analysis of the effective factors of the Korean foreign policy decision to the North Korea’s participation in ‘2003 Daegu summer Univesiade’. The purposes of this research were to analyse the influence of integration with domestic and foreign environments and the president’s role and to support meaningful materials for understanding the sports foreign policies and relations on the North Korea. A research method was reconstructed referring to both Rosenan’s systemic analysis model, or ‘Input, Conversion. Output and Feedback’ as order, and Kim and Kim’s effective factor analysis of the Korea sports foreign policy decision with experts’ advice and printing studio. The results of this study are as follows; 1) Systemic analysis of effective factors of the sports foreign policy decision to the North First. domestic and foreign politics, economy, culture and sport environment and the president’s rolehave effects on the sports foreign policy decision to the North . The sports foreign policy on the North had casual and integrated relations with domestic and foreign politics, economy, culture and sports. Second, the sports foreign policy on the north have effects on not only peace, harmony, and unification between the South and the North but also social conflicts of the nationally social classes. 2) Distinctiveness of sports foreign policy to the North first, sports exchanges and harmony of the South-North Korea internationally represent a symbolic role of the Korean Peninsula. Second, the sports foreign policy to die North depends an domestic and foreign politic, economy, cultural and sports environment, and the president role, so do not overcome limits of the government-leading sports foreign policy. Key Words Systemic analysis, korea foreign policy decision, the north korea
Analysis of Determining Factors in Selecting TV Sports News Channels 스포츠사회학 : TV 스포츠뉴스 채널의 선택결정요인 분석 최병호BeungHoChoi 43(3) 161-169, 2004 Title Analysis of Determining Factors in Selecting TV Sports News Channels 스포츠사회학 : TV 스포츠뉴스 채널의 선택결정요인 분석 최병호BeungHoChoi DOI: Abstract This research aims to analyze determining factors in selecting a TV channel from among KBS, MBC, and SBS Sports news programs as provided by the Korea’s three largest broadcasting companies in korea. The research set the channel determining factors as TV sports content-related variables (speed, field sense, criticism depth omittance, fairness, reliability, amusement, and information), TV sports news acceptance-related variables (acceptance level, acceptance motivation, preference for anchorman, and preference for broadcasting company), and viewers’ socio-demographic variables (sex, age, education) background, living standard, and occupation). The population of sampling males and females aged 20 or older who lived in Daegu as of February 2004, and watched TV sports news once or more a week. The research conducted a discriminant analysis of the survey. And, it came with the following confusion. First, TV sports news viewers, in selecting a channel, found themselves avoid other broadcasters due to their preference for a certain broadcasting company. Also, working in selecting a channel were TV sport news content variables such as reliability, criticism information (diversity), TV sports news acceptance-related variables such as preference for an anchorman and acceptance attitude, and news viewers’ socio-demographic variables such as sex. Second, determining factors in selecting the KBS sports news channel were found to be reliability, preference for anchorman, and sex. Viewer’ preference for KBS made them avoid other sports news channels. Third, determining factors in selecting the MBC sports news were news acceptance level and information (diversity). Viewers’ preference for MBC made them avoid other broadcasters. Fourth, viewers’ acceptance level and criticism of SBS sports news helped them select MBC sports news. Their preference for SBS made them avoid other broadcasters. Key Words TV sports news, determining factors in selecting channels
The Effects of Acute Moderate Exercise on Electroencephalogram and Competitive State Anxiety 스포츠심리학 : 일회적 중등도 운동이 EEG 및 경쟁상태불안에 미치는 효과 김동환DongHwanKim , 박중길JungGilPark , 문익수IkSooMoon 43(3) 173-183, 2004 Title The Effects of Acute Moderate Exercise on Electroencephalogram and Competitive State Anxiety 스포츠심리학 : 일회적 중등도 운동이 EEG 및 경쟁상태불안에 미치는 효과 김동환DongHwanKim , 박중길JungGilPark , 문익수IkSooMoon DOI: Abstract The purpose of the study was to ascertain whether or not an acute moderate exercise before competiton reduces the competitive state anxiety of athletes and elicts positive affection from them. Twenty male table tennis players wave randomly divided into experimental group(n=7) and control group(n=7). each of the experimental group with remote cadiometer performed ten-minute running to set the intercity of acute moderate exercise. Mean heart rate and standard deviation were 139.09±5.31. Left-handed subjects and outliers over ±2 SD wire excluded in EEG result analysis. The experimental group was measured by EEG and CSAⅠ-Ⅱ immediately after 10 minutes running. The results of this study were as following. First, the cognitive state anxiety was not reduced significantly but the somatic state anxiety was significantly reduced in comparison with the control group. Second, self-confidence in the experimental group was enhanced compared to the control group. Third, somatic anxiety (r=.95, p＜01) and self-confidence (r=.78, p＜.01) revealed significant correlations with aspectral power density. The results of this study provided an indication that acute moderate exercise does effect both somatic state anxiety and self-confidence. Key Words competitive state anxiety, acute exercise
Performance and Learning Effects of Golf Putting Skill According to Feedback Source and Frequency: Test of The Guidance Hypothesis 스포츠심리학 : 피드백 출처와 빈도에 따른 골프 퍼팅기술의 수행 및 학습효과: 안내가설의 검증 김상규SangGyuKim , 김기영KiYoungKim , 이한우HanWooLee 43(3) 185-193, 2004 Title Performance and Learning Effects of Golf Putting Skill According to Feedback Source and Frequency: Test of The Guidance Hypothesis 스포츠심리학 : 피드백 출처와 빈도에 따른 골프 퍼팅기술의 수행 및 학습효과: 안내가설의 검증 김상규SangGyuKim , 김기영KiYoungKim , 이한우HanWooLee DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to verify how the feedback source and scheduled frequency could influence on sport learning, using golf putting task, and to examine guidance hypothesis depending on feedback source. The subjects of the study were consisted of 40 middle school mile students. They didn’t have any prior experience of golf putting, and they were right-handed. They were divided in to four different groups(extrinsic 33%, 100%, intrinsic 33%, 100%), each 10 subjects, which were assigned according to feedback source and frequencies. The task used in the study was the golf putting task and the dependant variable were the absolute errors (AlE, and variable errors (VE). The acquisition phase were carried out in six practice blocks of each fifteen trials. The feedback sourer and frequency, and practice blocks were used as independent variables, and the study was performed tinder the factorial design of repealed measures with 2(feedbacks: intrinsic, extrinsic)x2(frequencies: 33%, 100%)x6(bocks: 1~6 blocks). In the retention phases, two blocks with 15 trials each block subsequently performed the immediately and the delayed retention tests under the factorial design of 2(feedback sources)x2(frequencies) x2(blocks) repeated measures. The results of the study could be summarized as follows. First, 100 % provided group slowed the superior performance in the analysis of accuracy. Second, The extrinsic feedback brought out the superior learning effects in the analysis of accuracy and variance. Third, Guidance hypothsis was supported in the extrinsic feedback condition but it was not supported in the intrinsic feedback condition. Key Words Intrinsic feedback, extrinsic feedback, guidance hypothesis
The Learning Effects of Modeling and Verbal feedback According to The Degree of Difficulty in A Hoop Movement of Rhythmic Gymnastics 스포츠심리학 : 피드백의 제시형태와 난이도에 따른 리듬체조 후프동작 학습의 효과 김지수JiSooKim 43(3) 195-205, 2004 Title The Learning Effects of Modeling and Verbal feedback According to The Degree of Difficulty in A Hoop Movement of Rhythmic Gymnastics 스포츠심리학 : 피드백의 제시형태와 난이도에 따른 리듬체조 후프동작 학습의 효과 김지수JiSooKim DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the learning efforts of remodeling and verbal feedback acconding to the degree of difficulty in a hoop movement of rhythmic gymnastics. The thirty subjects were selected from adults (ranging from 20 to 29 years) in Seoul, Korea. The subjects were randomly assigned to 3 different conditions groups: 1) visual modeling group, 2) verbal feedback group 3) visual+verbal modeling group. Each experimental group participated in 3 sequential movements of hoop skill tasks was carried out 3 (degree of difficulty)x3 (modeling method)x5 (block) factorial design with repeated measures on the last factor. All post hoc analyses used the Tukey’s HSD. Also, rention and delayed rention stages analyzed by 3-way ANOVA. The results of this study were as follows: 1) there were significant differences between modeling and verbal feedback in the movement performance scores and then modeling was higher than verbal feedback in the movement performance scores, 2) there were not significant differences between modeling and mixed modeling in the movement performance scores, 3) there were significant differences between mixed modeling and verbal feedback in the movement performance scores and then mixed modeling was higher than verbal feedback in the movement performance sores, 4) there were significant differences in the movement performance scores and then the movement performance scores of low-level and medium-level were higher than high-level, 5) there were significant differences in the blocks and according to the increase of blocks, the movement performance scores of each block became higher. Key Words Degreem of difficulty, modeling, verbal feedback, movement performance score
Anxiety from EEG Self-Regulation Training and Change of Electroencephalogram 스포츠심리학 : 뇌파 자기조절 훈련에 따른 불안과 뇌전위의 변화 심준영JunYoungShim 43(3) 207-217, 2004 Title Anxiety from EEG Self-Regulation Training and Change of Electroencephalogram 스포츠심리학 : 뇌파 자기조절 훈련에 따른 불안과 뇌전위의 변화 심준영JunYoungShim DOI: Abstract This study was to examine changes of electroencephalogram (EEG) of frontal and state anxiety when EEG bio-feedback training was conducted with five rifle shooters of girls high school. Expedition was performed for 30 min per session, four times a week through eight weeks and two measurements before and after training at stable state were conducted. Measurement of EEG used FP1, FPz and FP2 attached to head band of Neuro-Feedback System (Braintech Corp, Koren) and left and right brain powers of theta, alpha, SMR (sensory motor rhythm) and beta and ratio of alpha/SMR wave were analyzed. As a result of analysis, them were significant decreases at theta, alpha. SMR and beta wave of left brain before and after experiment and right brain also showed decrease of theta alpha, SMR and beta waves, but there was no statistically significant difference. Relative activation state of alpha/SMR wave rates showed significant increase of alpha wave at left brain before and after experiment and then it is found that alpha wave reflecting stable state compared to SMR wave related to attention was influential. And state anxiety showed a significant decrease before and after experiment and competition performance showed no significant difference. These results suggest that application of EEG bio-feedback training was very helpful to make brain functions in shooters who required high technique, precision, mental stability and self-control exert more affirmative abilities and improve their exercise leaning. Further, it is considered that additional researches should be performed on the basis of the analysis of changes of reel-time EEG and physio-psychology in athletes during shooting. Key Words EEG bio-feedback, self-regulation, state anxiety
The Effects of the Different Group Sizes on the Tendency of Interpersonal Relationships of Elementary School students 스포츠교육학 : 게임 활동의 집단크기와 대인관계 성향의 관계 권순일SoonIlKwon 43(3) 221-228, 2004 Title The Effects of the Different Group Sizes on the Tendency of Interpersonal Relationships of Elementary School students 스포츠교육학 : 게임 활동의 집단크기와 대인관계 성향의 관계 권순일SoonIlKwon DOI: Abstract The present study implemented a series of game activities (48 games of simplified dajanggong for each team in the form of full-league games) for 4 months to 5 teams for 4:4 games, 5 for 6:6, 4 for 9.9, and 3 for 12:12 to determine the influence of game activities performed with different group sizes on the tendency of interpersonal relationships of elementary school students. To treasure the degree of the tendency of interpersonal relationships, the survey questionnaire were used. The questionnaire for interpersonal relationship orientation questionnaire developed by An, Bum-Hee(1985). After the tests of validity and reliability, 42 items of the tendency of interpersonal relationships were written ultimately. Finally, after the pre- and post-tests, collected data were t-test, one-way ANOVA processed using the SPSS/PC+11.0 statistical package. The result is as follows: First, gave activities were meaningful for developing the tendency of interpersonal relationships of elementary school students Second, the level of the tendency of interpersonal relationships in 4 groups were differently changed after playing games according to group sizes. Especially the level of the tendency of interpersonal relationships in 2 groups(6:6, 9:9 games) were highly changed. Key Words Group size, game activities, tendency of interpersonal relationships
The Impact of Cognitive Strategy-Based Instruction on Student Achievement 스포츠교육학 : 인지적 교수전략이 학습성취에 미치는 영향 김재욱JaeWookKim 43(3) 229-243, 2004 Title The Impact of Cognitive Strategy-Based Instruction on Student Achievement 스포츠교육학 : 인지적 교수전략이 학습성취에 미치는 영향 김재욱JaeWookKim DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of cognitive strategy-based instruction on student achievement. The cognitive strategies-based instruction, included the understanding of the task, error-detection, problem solving based on the critical/creative thinking skills The participants consisted of one male teacher and 5th grade 72 elementary school student(39 male students and 33 female students). The effects of indirect instruction characteristics of cognitive based instruction wise tested, described, and interpreted according to the results of pre-test post-test, and acquisition test. Dependent variables were movement performance, movement pattern, content knowledge, and error-detection. There tree no differences between two groups in performance, movement pattern, contest knowledge, and error-detection. There were statistic differences in the pre-test, post-test, and acquisition test. The differences based on the results of Scheffe test slowed that practice and learning positively influenced students who were taught in the cognitive based instruction. Key Words Critical/creative thinking skills, cognitive strategy-based instruction, teaching style
An Analysis of physical Education Curriculum Implementation at Elementary School Level based on the 7th National Curriculum 스포츠교육학 : 제7차 교육과정에 따른 초등학교 체육 교육과정 및 수업 운영 실태 분석 유정애JeongAeYou 43(3) 245-263, 2004 Title An Analysis of physical Education Curriculum Implementation at Elementary School Level based on the 7th National Curriculum 스포츠교육학 : 제7차 교육과정에 따른 초등학교 체육 교육과정 및 수업 운영 실태 분석 유정애JeongAeYou DOI: Abstract The purpose of this paper is to analyze physical education curriculum implementation at elementary school level based on the 7th national curriculum in teams of three dimensions. Thee three dimensions are reorganization, students-centered, and diversity that stand for the inherent characteristics of the 7th national curriculum. For this, survey, class observation, interview, and document analysis are conducted in three areas. Data from multiple collection methods are analyzed using quantitative and qualitative analysis. The reorganization, students-centered and diversity are described in the four elements(objectives, contents teaching methods, and evaluation) of the 7th national physical education curriculum at elementary school level. The three characteristics of the 7th national curriculum are relatively founded at elementary physical education classes, but the ways how to implement the elementary physical education curriculum are not positive and effective. Key Words National curriculum, student-centered diversity, localization, physical education
The Management Method of Athletes for Gymnastics Coaches 스포츠교육학 : 체조지도자의 선수관리방법 이주형JooHyungLee , 김종욱JongWookKim , 김현식HyunSikKim 43(3) 265-277, 2004 Title The Management Method of Athletes for Gymnastics Coaches 스포츠교육학 : 체조지도자의 선수관리방법 이주형JooHyungLee , 김종욱JongWookKim , 김현식HyunSikKim DOI: Abstract This study is densely to analyze the management method of athletes for gymnastics coaches. To achieve the purpose of the study, the qualitative study is based on 6 gymnastics coaches, who have an experience as a national team coach. The data collected with depth interviews and referring to document records were analyzed by inductive category analysis. Reliance propriety, and ethics of the study are confirmed through the progress of collecting and analyzing data. A summary of the analysis and the construction of the study are like followed. The athlete management of gymnastics coaches was performed during regular training and competition situations. Trust and coaching, training atmosphere, lodging atmosphere, and a self-management ability of an athlete were used for the athlete management method during regular training. The most important factor for the management of gymnastics coat is the trust between gymnasts and coaches. Both The training and the management must be performed with the background of trust. Coaches should teach the basic techniques thoroughly when they lead to the training and the individual teaching concerned with characteristics of gymnasts is necessary. And they make the atmosphere of training based on the interpersonal trust. After training, coaches should also have interest in the life of the gymnast on the camp. Coaches will not only put efforts on an athlete management, but also raising self-management capability of gymnasts their own. The athlete management during the competition situations can to divided into before and after a competition. Coaches should manage the condition of gymnasts in the body and mentality before a competition and make the athletics relaxed. Then, after the competition, coaches should give them a detailing feedback about the performance and the result. Key Words Gymnastics coaches, management method of athletes
A Study of Historical Sociology on Physical Education Teachers’ Works 스포츠교육학 : 체육교육사의 일에 대한 역사사회학적 검토 이충원ChoongWonLee 43(3) 279-289, 2004 Title A Study of Historical Sociology on Physical Education Teachers’ Works 스포츠교육학 : 체육교육사의 일에 대한 역사사회학적 검토 이충원ChoongWonLee DOI: Abstract The aim of the study is to examine on physical education teachers’ works used by the research method in historical sociology. Participant observation, interviews with B school PE teachers and two informants, various documents and historical materials are used to collect relevant data. The collected data are analyzed by the method in historical sociology. The asides of the study are followed. PE teachers teach PE at school, nurture athletic clubs, serve as the master of ceremonies and events, protect the order of school and so forth. That is PE instruction puts first the development of physical strength specially, because of physical strength measurement system from 1972 to 1994 and because it was a national PE policy. Each school has to nurture more than an athletic club because of the national elite sports policy for enhancement of national prestige. PE teachers were well fitted for ceremonies and events. This is why PE teachers serve as the master of ceremonies and events by usage. Its accompanying influence lets PE teachers protect the order of school. Key Words PE teachers works, historical sociology
Study on Physical Education Attitude Difference Among Middle School Students according to Gender Role Identity 스포츠교육학 : 중학교 남녀학생들의 성역할 정체감 유형에 따른 체육수업태도 차이 이표상PyoSangLee 43(3) 291-300, 2004 Title Study on Physical Education Attitude Difference Among Middle School Students according to Gender Role Identity 스포츠교육학 : 중학교 남녀학생들의 성역할 정체감 유형에 따른 체육수업태도 차이 이표상PyoSangLee DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study is to analysis the recognition of physical education attitude according to the formations of gender role identity in maile and female middle school students. Two-way anova and multiple comparisons by sheffe’s post-test were used to analysis probes of the study. As a result of this study and discussion, the followings are concluded. First, in gender role identity type classification androgyny type for both male and female students is the highest among other types. Secondly, in physical health goal attitude by gender role identity type and by sex, there is no significant difference statistically. Thirdly, in metal health goal attitude, there is no significant difference by sex, but androgyny type and masculinity type shows significant difference statistically. Fourthly, in social health goal, there is no significant difference by sex, but there is significant difference on androgyny types statistically. Fifthly, in physical education goal, masculinity, androgyny and femininity types are higher thanunclassified type, having high recognition of physical education goal while male students show higher recognition on physical education goal than female students. Key Words Gender role identity, physical education attitude
The Effect on the middle school girls without disabilities’ Perception in the school life, the private life, the social life through Inclusive PE Class students with disabilities 스포츠교육학 : 통합체육수업이 일반여자 중학생들의 장애학생에 대한 학교생활, 개인생활, 사회생활 인식에 미치는 영향 이현수HyunSuLee , 남희은HeeEunNam 43(3) 301-311, 2004 Title The Effect on the middle school girls without disabilities’ Perception in the school life, the private life, the social life through Inclusive PE Class students with disabilities 스포츠교육학 : 통합체육수업이 일반여자 중학생들의 장애학생에 대한 학교생활, 개인생활, 사회생활 인식에 미치는 영향 이현수HyunSuLee , 남희은HeeEunNam DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study identifies the issues and the improvements though research of the Effect on the middle school girls without disabilities’ perception in the school life, the private life, the social life through Inclusive PE Class students without disabilities and provides the meaningful material for inclusive PE class in the physical, phychological, and social value. In this study, we studied about the 380 girls of the public and the private middle school in Dongnae Educational facility; 190 girls of them were carried out inclusive PE with students with disabilities, the others were carried out PE with the girls without disabilties. Result were as follows; First, the girls without disabilities who have taken inclusive PE class were more positive than other students who haven`t taken inclusive PE class in the school life, private life. Second, the inclustive PE class did not always give positive perception students without disabilities and It’s up to the individual’s traits such as persons with disabilities’ character, feature of disabilities, home background, fellow relationship effect the perception of students without disabilities. Key Words Girls without disabilities perception, Inclusive PE, Physical, Education
The Relationship Between Psychological Readiness on Secondary Physical Education Teachers and Intention of the Improving Teaching 스포츠교육학 : 중등 체육교사의 심리적 준비성과 수업탐구 의지와의 관계 조홍식HongSikCho 43(3) 313-323, 2004 Title The Relationship Between Psychological Readiness on Secondary Physical Education Teachers and Intention of the Improving Teaching 스포츠교육학 : 중등 체육교사의 심리적 준비성과 수업탐구 의지와의 관계 조홍식HongSikCho DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to analyze what are the Psychological Readiness of Physical Education Teachers and how they devote themselves to improve their teaching as a microscopic access route for development of expertise in teaching Physical Education. And relationship between psychological readiness on secondly physical education teachers and Intention of the Improving Teaching. For this, 700 teachers of middle and high schools in Kyonggi-do, were sampled an example using a purposive sampling method. The method of inquiry was a questionnaire. The collected data was enforced the analysis of Descriptive and multiple regression using the SPSSWIN Ver 10.0. Therefore, it has got conclusions as follows: First the degree of awareness on Psychological Readiness of Physical Education Teachers was rather higher than average while they were well aware Psycologcal Readiness with considerable positiveness, their awareness of the a sense of devotion was least among the variables. Second, the degree of awareness on Intention of the Improving Teaching of Physical Education Teachers was rather higher than average. In particular, the intention of self evaluation has understood to be of importance but, the intention of teaching development has been low relatively. Third, the psychological readiness has significantly influence upon the intention of the Improving Teaching statistically. In part, the a sense of responsibility and the a sense of devotion have not had an influence on it. Key Words Intention of the improving teaching, psychological readiness
Analysis on Performances of World Excellent Gymnasts in Horizontal Bar 스포츠교육학 : 세계 우수체조선수의 철봉 연기내용에 대한 분석 한윤수YoonSooHan 43(3) 325-334, 2004 Title Analysis on Performances of World Excellent Gymnasts in Horizontal Bar 스포츠교육학 : 세계 우수체조선수의 철봉 연기내용에 대한 분석 한윤수YoonSooHan DOI: Abstract This study is to investigate bonus point element, connection element and start value of eight gymnasts, who entered the horizontal bar final(competition Ⅲ) in 2003 Daegu Universiade. Horizontal bar competition Ⅲ was recorded from several angles by camcorder and it is analysed through Men’s code of points. The results are as follows; 1. The elements performed by eight furalists is 10.30±0.83 on the average and the element C didn’t appear but SC gymnast(Japan) ‘s one. 2. There was nine kinds of element D. Every gymnast accomplished ‘El-grip giant swing with 1/1 turn to el-grip’, 33.3%, which is ‘seizing the bar with twisting’(Group IV, No 19). 3. It seemed ‘Endo piked with 1/1 turn through handstand to el-grip ‘ which is ‘nearing the bar’(Group Ⅲ, No 40) in Element E was performed by 6 gytmiasts(30.0%) and ‘Giant swing backward with hop 3/2 turn to el-grip(Rybalko)’ which is ‘hanging on and swing like pendulum’(Group I, No 60) by 4 gymnasts(20.0%), and ‘Double salto bwckward stretched with 2/1 turn’ which is ‘descending’(Grop Ⅴ, No 35) by 4 gymnasts (20.0%). 4. Kovacs with 1/1 turn(Kolman) with is ‘flying’(Group Ⅱ) in Element E was tried by 3 gymnasts. 5. On ‘uniting’, 6 gymnasts(50%) performs ‘Endo piked with 1/1 turn through handstand to el-grip’ connected with ‘El-grip giant swing with 1/1 turn to with 1/1 turn el-grip’. Key Words Horizontal bar, performances
The Experience and Recognition through Elementary School Students’ Taekwondo Training Program 사회체육 : 초등학생의 태권도 수련 프로그램에 관한 체험과 인식 고문수MoonSooKo , 손천택CheonTaikSon 43(3) 337-347, 2004 Title The Experience and Recognition through Elementary School Students’ Taekwondo Training Program 사회체육 : 초등학생의 태권도 수련 프로그램에 관한 체험과 인식 고문수MoonSooKo , 손천택CheonTaikSon DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the recognition of elementary school students’ experiences of Taekwondo training program through phenomenological interview. The participants were 6 students at K elementary school from a metropolitan city. Participant observation and interview were conducted to the thirty elementary school students from a metropolitan city. The method of grounded theory procedures techniques(Strauss & Corbin, 1998) were used to analyze collected data The trustworthiness of data was established by member checking, peer debriefing, and triangulation. The analysis of the result were as follows. First, the students recognized Taekwondo art provided a variety of learning experiences. That is, it is effective in improving importance of healthy and broadened physical fitness, Second, Taekwondo art including great confidence, deduce the stress, and network quotient etc., were improved while they were excitedly participating in developmentally appropriate Taekwondo art activities Third, Taekwondo art provided affirmative variation in the cognitive aspects. Key Words Learning experiences, deduce the stress, affirmative variation
Inservice Education Program for Professional Development of Sport for All Leaders 사회체육 : 사회체육전문인의 전문능력 향상을 위한 현직교육 프로그램 개발 김선희SunHeeKim 43(3) 349-363, 2004 Title Inservice Education Program for Professional Development of Sport for All Leaders 사회체육 : 사회체육전문인의 전문능력 향상을 위한 현직교육 프로그램 개발 김선희SunHeeKim DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study is to develop an Inservice Education Program (INSEP) for improving professional abilities of Sport for All Leaders, and to suggest guidelines for practicing INSEP. The study results can be summarized as follows: Inquiry-oriented INSEP was developed as improving professional abilities of Sport for All Leaders. Inquiry-oriented INSEP aims at nurturing whole Sport for All Leaders. Its specific purpose is to develop a cognitive ability, a characteristic ability, a reflective ability, and a technical ability. The contents of the program comprise a teaching method, management and organization of class, monitoring and feedback mastering private shorts, and introducing new sports. The methods for delivering the program comprise field research, peer coaching, and a study group. The assessments comprise a content of evaluation and a method of evaluation. Specifically, the methods of evaluation would use validity and reliability as the contents of evaluation. Lastly, the condition for practicing INSEP is in a partnership. The partnership can be informal or formal. It is an effective method for getting a synergistic effect. Key Words Inservice education, professional development
A Conflict and Turnover of Sport Instructors 사회체육 : 사회체육지도자의 갈등 및 이직 김현식HyunSikKim 43(3) 365-373, 2004 Title A Conflict and Turnover of Sport Instructors 사회체육 : 사회체육지도자의 갈등 및 이직 김현식HyunSikKim DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to understand of sport instructors. To achieve this purpose, qualitative case study was conducted for 7 sport instructors who was working at sports facilities located in Seoul. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and documents were analyzed using Lee’s(1998) casual chain analysis method. During data collection and analysis, data ware continuously verified for reliability, validity and ethics. A conflict and turnover of sport instructors consisted of the future prospects, pay, human relations, and social perception. These factors interdependently influence the conflict and turnover of sport instructors. Key Words Conflict, turnover, sport instructors
A study of the Effects of the Customers’ Participation on the Conflict and Contentment of the Employees at the Service Encounters of Sports Centers 사회체육 : 스포츠센터 서비스접점에서의 고객참여가 직원의 갈등 및 만족에 미치는 영향 엄대영DaeYoungEum , 김장환JangHwanKim 43(3) 375-382, 2004 Title A study of the Effects of the Customers’ Participation on the Conflict and Contentment of the Employees at the Service Encounters of Sports Centers 사회체육 : 스포츠센터 서비스접점에서의 고객참여가 직원의 갈등 및 만족에 미치는 영향 엄대영DaeYoungEum , 김장환JangHwanKim DOI: Abstract This study has established the employees at the service encounters of the sports centers located in Daegu Metropolitan City as the population in order to examine the effects of the customers participation at the service encounters of the sports centers on the conflict and contentment of the employees. A total of 150 employees at the service encounters of the severe sports centers located in Daegu Metropolitan City have been chosen as the sampling. The objects of the study are first to find out the customers participation which the employees at the server encounters of the sports renters perceive and then to examine the effects of the degrees of the customers’ participation at these service encounters on the conflict of the employees and finally to find out the effects of the conflict of the employees on their contentment. Next, according to the findings of the verification of the hypotheses as regards the relation between these and the conflict of the employees at the service encounters, the customers’ kindness(consideration and sociability) has been found to have a significant effect, but the roles of the customers have been found to have no significant effect Among the roles of the customers, the roles for themselves have been found to have a significant effect, but to have no significant effect on the opposite directivity. Key Words Service encounters, participation on the conflict
Parental Attitude of Children with Developmental Disabilities toward the Value of Taekwondo Practice 사회체육 : 태권도 수련의 가치에 대한 발달장애 아동들의 부모태도 이지성JiSungLee , 여인성InSungYeo , 김지태JiTaeKim 43(3) 383-391, 2004 Title Parental Attitude of Children with Developmental Disabilities toward the Value of Taekwondo Practice 사회체육 : 태권도 수련의 가치에 대한 발달장애 아동들의 부모태도 이지성JiSungLee , 여인성InSungYeo , 김지태JiTaeKim DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate parents’ attitude toward the value of Taekwondo practice for children with developmental disabilities, and to find out several dominant variables affecting the pants attitude toward the value of Taekwondo practice. For the purpose of the study, the value of Tackwondo practice divides into psycho-motor (motor and fitness performance), cognitive (intellectual skills), and affective (feeling opinions, attitudes, and beliefs) domains based on objectives of physical education. The participants consisted of 156 parents whose children with developmental disabilities are attending rehabilitation or physical education programs in S city. A questionnaire, modified from the version of Kim(1994), Yeo(2003), and Lee(2002) regarding the parents’ attitudes, and an interview technique were used for this study. Construct validity of the questionnaire was checked by factor analysis(varimax rotated factor pattern). Reliability of questions was conformed by Cronbach-Alpha(.60). The findings of this study were as follows: First, parental attitude toward the value of Taekwondo practice for children with developmental disabilities were generally positive, and the cognitive and affective value of Taekwondo practice rather than psycho-motor value was highly recognized by the parents. Sound, parental attitude toward the psycho-motor value of Taekwondo practice for children with developmental disabilities depends on the parent’s age, and the garde and disability level of child. Third, parental attitude toward the cognitive value of Taekwondo practice for children with developmental depends on the age and educational level of parent, and the grade and disability level of child. Fourth, parental attitude toward the affective value of Taekwondo practice for children with developmental depends on parent’s age and child’s disability level. Key Words Parental attitude, value of taekwondo, children with developmental disability
Social network analysis of the Bowling club members 사회체육 : 볼링동호인의 사회적 연결망 분석 최경애KyungAeChoi , 박창범ChangBeomPark , 임수원SooWoenLim 43(3) 393-403, 2004 Title Social network analysis of the Bowling club members 사회체육 : 볼링동호인의 사회적 연결망 분석 최경애KyungAeChoi , 박창범ChangBeomPark , 임수원SooWoenLim DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study is to investigate social network of members who participate in the bowling club. Researched are 14 members of Z bowling club in Deagu. Sampling Method used in this study is purposeful sampling method that is one of nonprobability sampling methods. The findings of this study are as follows. First, The motives of joining club are sharing information and making new relationship through subsociety as club. Second, the number of network is different from mobile degree of the resources. Third, directedness of club member’s network differ from issues. About teaching. direction is one way from skilled to unskilled About emotions, direction is mutual independent of skilled are not. Forth, reciprocity of club member’s network is revealed active interrelation because Sport For All like a bowling can help members to solve subjective dissatisfaction or tedium and to have more chards of joyful and positive leisure activity. Last, the reason of keep participating club activities is relationship among minters which is based on emotional bonding beyond sharing informations. Key Words Club member, social network, weak tie
Managerial Condition and Activated Scheme of Private Judo Club 사회체육 : 민간유도장의 운영 실태와 활성화 방안 최관용KwanYongChoi , 정현택HyunTeakJung , 전승훈SeungHunJeon 43(3) 405-416, 2004 Title Managerial Condition and Activated Scheme of Private Judo Club 사회체육 : 민간유도장의 운영 실태와 활성화 방안 최관용KwanYongChoi , 정현택HyunTeakJung , 전승훈SeungHunJeon DOI: Abstract The purpose of this research was to search for the managerial problem and activated scheme of judo dub after investigating the condition of private judo club in all over the country. Questionnaires were distributed to 137 judo clubs in all over the country. Descriptive statistics wise used. The results were as follows. First, for managerial condition of private judo dub them were leader’s background, facility condition, managerial condition etc. Second, for leader’s teaching action of private judo club, them were teaching contents, teaching methods, training learner’s managerial methods, etc. Third, for activated scheme of private judo clubs. there are differences between activated scheme which leaders of private judo clubs are considering it and activated whore which Korea judo Association and judo players should percept it. Key Words Managerial condition, activated scheme
A Study on Leisure Attitude and Leisure Satisfaction Scale in Participation Types of Talent,Aptitude Educational Activity 여가,레크리에이션 : 특기 · 적성 교육활동 참여 유형에 따른 여가태도 및 여가만족도에 관한 연구 김미향MeeHyangKim 43(3) 419-427, 2004 Title A Study on Leisure Attitude and Leisure Satisfaction Scale in Participation Types of Talent,Aptitude Educational Activity 여가,레크리에이션 : 특기 · 적성 교육활동 참여 유형에 따른 여가태도 및 여가만족도에 관한 연구 김미향MeeHyangKim DOI: Abstract This study was the aim to analysis the relation between leisure attitude and leisure satisfaction by types of talent and aptitude educational activity participation. The target for this research was the middle school student in Seoul to participate talent and aptitude educational activity as a population and total 220 students from 8 schools were targeted using, stratified duster random sampling method. As a measuring instrument for this study, I adjusted and utilized the survey used by Kim, Kyung-Tae (1996) and So, Min-Sook (2001) for leisure attitude. I adjusted and utilized the measuring instrument having used by Lee, Jong-kil(1992) and developed by Raghed & Beard(1980) for leisure satisfaction scale. The survey was used SPSS 10.7 version for Windows as materials management, I executed reliability analysis, factor analysis, one-way ANOVA and multi-regression analysis. The conclusion is as following Firstly, the type of talent and aptitude for educational activities makes difference for leisure’s attitude. Among sub-factor of leisure attitude, participators to music-related activities revealed highly to cognitive attitude, the course of study-related for emotional attitude and other activities for behavioral attitude. Secondly, the type of talent and aptitude for educational activities makes difference for leisure satisfaction scale. Among sub-factor of leisure satisfaction scale, participators to physical education-related activities revealed highly to point of leisure satisfaction vale. Thirdly, among sub-factor of leisure satisfaction scale, educational satisfaction factor have positive influence on leisure attitude, physical satisfaction factor have positive influence on cognitive attitude. Key Words Talent and aptitude for educational activities, leisure attitude, leisure satisfaction
An Analysis of Sport Management Research Papers in Korea 스포츠산업,경영 : 스포츠 경영학 연구 논문 분석 강현민HyunMinKang 43(3) 431-443, 2004 Title An Analysis of Sport Management Research Papers in Korea 스포츠산업,경영 : 스포츠 경영학 연구 논문 분석 강현민HyunMinKang DOI: Abstract This study sought to identify major research trends in Korean sport management studies form the year 1998 to 2003. 667 sport management research papers were gathered for reflecting on comtemporary Korean scholars’ direction needs to pursue. Selected volumes of the Korean Journal of Sport Management, Korean Journal of physical Education, and Korean Journal of Sport and Leisure Studies were analyzed on a comparative basis. The notable characteristics of the sport management studies in Korea were as follows: 1. Over one fifth of the total number of watch works on selected 3 Korean Journals were dealt with the subject of sport management and the research papers were the most frequently reported on the Korean Journal of Sport and Leisure Studies(20.18 papers were appeared per each volume). 2. 32.83% of the papers have dealt with the research themes involved in establishing efficient marketing strategies and improving their workers’ job satisfaction for private or public sport centers and resorts. 3. Survey research was the most commonly used(71.21% of the total researches) for accomplishing the sport management studies. 4. Statistical methods were toed in 481 of 667 research papers and descriptive statistics, regression analysis, analysis of variance were frequently used in order. Based upon this analysis, sport management researches should develop suitable sport management theories and explore proper research methods for better understanding of sport management and appropriate application towards Korean sport management fields. Key Words Sport management, research papers
Korea’s Image Differences between pre-post Hosting of World-cup 스포츠산업,경영 : 월드컵 개최 전·후의 한국 이미지 차이 김병식ByungShikKim 43(3) 445-455, 2004 Title Korea’s Image Differences between pre-post Hosting of World-cup 스포츠산업,경영 : 월드컵 개최 전·후의 한국 이미지 차이 김병식ByungShikKim DOI: Abstract The purpose of this research was to discover Korea’s image differences between pre-post hosting of World-cup. This survey took foreign visitors in Korea as the subject group, and took sample out of the group. The sorry was conducted in three different areas, Incheon international airport Itaewon, and Insa-dong, well-known tourism spots. 320 (89%) questionnaires were analysis based upon convenience sampling. Reliability for questionnaire was Cronbach’s α = .80. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired t-test. The results were as following First both group of under 25 and over 26 agreed that Korea’s image improved in every sub-variable after the World-cup. Both male and female group agreed that there was an improvement in every area after the World-cup. Categorizing by the occupation, students and professional workers also agreed that there was an improvement in every area after the World-cup. Subjects in the field of service agreed that Korea has improved in the cultural area. Subjects from South bast Asian and Fast Asia agreed on improvement in every sub-category, and those from North America in the economy, and the culture area. Undergraduate students and people with higher education agreed that Korea’s image improved in every area after the World-cup. Those who have visited Korea one to twice agreed that Korea has improved in every area after the World-cup, and tare who have visited Korea three times or more only weed Korea’s improvement in the political, social, and cultural area. Second pre-post-hosting Korea’s image of the World-cup had definite changes. Overall Korea’s image improved after the World-cup 2002. In conclusion, solo-politically, economically, culturally Korea has took a step up after this world event. Key Words Korea’s image, world-cup
The Effect of Attribute of Professional Sport Product on Sponsor Identification of Title Sponsor 스포츠산업,경영 : 프로스포츠제품 속성이 타이틀스폰서의 스폰서동일시에 미치는 영향 김용만YongManKim 43(3) 457-470, 2004 Title The Effect of Attribute of Professional Sport Product on Sponsor Identification of Title Sponsor 스포츠산업,경영 : 프로스포츠제품 속성이 타이틀스폰서의 스폰서동일시에 미치는 영향 김용만YongManKim DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of attribute of professional sport product on corporate image and purchase intention of title sponsor through the identification theory. The survey target is professional football, baseball, and basketball spectators. We have collected data using convenient sampling method, come up with a total of 6,009 valid samples and utilized SPSSWIN Ver. 10.0 and AMCS 4.0, and conducted structural equation model analysis. First, through exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and Cronbach’s α, we have examined the validity and reliability. After we have evaluated the goodness of fit of the research models, we have verified model of sponsorship-identification. And that we have examine the research hypotheses. The results are as follows; First, team record has a significant, positive effect on team identification Second, a team fame has a significant negative effect on team identification Third, star player has a significant, positive effect on team identification. Forth, team attractiveness has a significant, positive effect on team identification Forth, team similarity has a significant, positive effect on team identification Sixth, team identification has a significant, positive effect on sponsor identification Seventh, sponsor identification has a significant, positive effect on corporate image. Eighth, corporate image has a significant positive effect on purchase intention. Key Words Team attractiveness, team similarity, team identification, sponsor identification, corporate image, purchase intention
A study of attitude toward The sports event through Community Attachment 스포츠산업,경영 : 지역사회 애호도에 따른 스포츠이벤트에 대한 태도 연구 박봉률BongYulPark , 김병진BangJinKim , 이정우JeongWooLee 43(3) 471-483, 2004 Title A study of attitude toward The sports event through Community Attachment 스포츠산업,경영 : 지역사회 애호도에 따른 스포츠이벤트에 대한 태도 연구 박봉률BongYulPark , 김병진BangJinKim , 이정우JeongWooLee DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study is to analyze how the community attachment influences the residents’ attitude about the Tongyeong Triathlon 2003. In the result of this study, first, the higher the community attachment, the more the attitude about the sports event is positive. It is supporting the study’s hypothesis which the more the residents have community attachment the more they are tend to behavior positively about the changes. Second, there is a difference of the effect about how far residents’ place and the sports event spot are. The nearer the resident’ place, the more negative. It means there is a lack of the concern about the residents who are under the negative situation such as noise, and confusion. As a result, the conclusion obtained from this study shows the important variable is residents’ community attachment to make a positive attitude as well as to encourage the residents’ participation. Key Words Community attachment, sports event
The Causal Relationships among Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction, Repurchasing Intention, and Business Performance in Commercial Sport Centers 스포츠산업,경영 : 상업 스포츠센터의 서비스품질, 소비자만족, 재구매의도 및 경영성과간의 인과관계 박세혁SeHyukPark , 이승철SeungChulLee 43(3) 485-493, 2004 Title The Causal Relationships among Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction, Repurchasing Intention, and Business Performance in Commercial Sport Centers 스포츠산업,경영 : 상업 스포츠센터의 서비스품질, 소비자만족, 재구매의도 및 경영성과간의 인과관계 박세혁SeHyukPark , 이승철SeungChulLee DOI: Abstract Service quality and business performance have long been the focus of research within the management field, primarily related to organizational behavior. The present research applies this line of inquiry to experiential consumers and employees in commercial sport organizations. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among service quality, customer satisfaction, repurchase intention, and business performance in commercial sport centers in Korea. Data for this study were obtained by using convenience sampling method from samples of customers (n=307) and employee (n=102). Using a structural modeling technique, the hypothesized model was assessed and found to fit the data more accurately if service quality, customer satisfaction, and repurchasing intention were included as an indicator of business performance. Testing the causal model using AMOS revealed that service quality was positively and significantly related to their customer satisfaction and repurchasing intention and customer satisfaction was positively and significantly related to the repurchasing intention. The relationship between customer satisfaction and business performance was found not to be significant. Findings from the study were used to provide sport management professionals with a heuristic model for understanding and predicting consumers’ behavior. Key Words Commercial sport centers, service quality, customer satisfaction, repurchasing intention, business performance
Development of Golf Courses Service Quality Measuring Instruments 골프장 서비스품질 측정도구 개발에 관한 연구 박찬규ChanKyuPark 43(3) 495-504, 2004 Title Development of Golf Courses Service Quality Measuring Instruments 골프장 서비스품질 측정도구 개발에 관한 연구 박찬규ChanKyuPark DOI: Abstract This study was designed to define golf cause service quality and analyze its influence on overall customer satisfaction. To attain these purposes, golf course service quality measuring instruments were developed hosed on preceding studies and overseas golf course evaluation criteria. 1,500 people with golfing experience were randomly selected from 30 gold courses and golf practice ranges, currently providing services as of 2003, across the country including those in Seoul, Daejeon, Gyeorggi Province, Gangwon Province, Chungcheong Province, and Jeju Island. 926 samples were collected. However, after eliminating two samples that failed to describe demographic features completely, only 924 were used for the actual analysis. As for the statistical data analysis, frequency analysis, As for statistical data analysis, frequency analysis, correlation analysis, exploratory, factor analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted using SPSS 10,1. The results are as follows: First, the golf course service quality was composed of cause layout, operation management, booking, caddie service, whether the course has a club house, user charges, customers level, a restaurant, accessibility, course management, are whether it has a golf course range. Second, among the golf service quality element the course layout and a club house were perceived the most positively and user charges and booking were perceived the must negatively. Third, among the golf service quality elements, operation management, booking, caddie service, user charges, and a restaurant in order had the positive influence on customer satisfaction, whereas a golf practice range had the opposite influence. Key Words Golf course service quality
Image-transfer effect of title sponsorship in professional basketball game 국내 프로 농구 리그의 타이틀 스폰서십 참여에 따른 이미지 전이 효과 분석 박찬혁ChanHyukPark 43(3) 505-517, 2004 Title Image-transfer effect of title sponsorship in professional basketball game 국내 프로 농구 리그의 타이틀 스폰서십 참여에 따른 이미지 전이 효과 분석 박찬혁ChanHyukPark DOI: Abstract This study’s purpose is to identify the effect of title sponsorship in domestic professional basketball league through image-transfer analysis. It is to clear up the phenomenon that sports event and sponsor brand character are transferred to each other in consumer consciousness structure. To achieve such purpose, a survey of consumer consciousness research has been administered on 1,184 high school student, university students and workers. The exploratory factor analysis and reliability by the data from the above survey were verified, and thereupon confirmatory factor analysis was performed. Through this process the final scales have been completed, and the modified Structural Equation Model on group that has perceived the sponsorship brand was deducted. The Results are as follows; First, an indirect transfer phenomenon from sports event association to sponsor brand aeration and corporate image through the sports event-sponsor brand congruence was found out. Second, a transfer phenomenon can be seen directly by the fact that bringing a positive reaction to sports event could raise the sponsor corporation’s business conduct factor as well as social contribution factor. This shows that a title sponsorship participation in pro-basketball leaue related to the brand equity which is regarded highly in the purpose of recent corporation’s participation in sponsorship, is effective in improving a brand equity value. Key Words Sponsorship, brand equity, sports marketing
The Factors under the influence of Service Satisfaction of Taekwondo Gym 태권도 체육관의 서비스 만족에 영향을 미치는 용인 신희준HeeJoonShin 43(3) 519-526, 2004 Title The Factors under the influence of Service Satisfaction of Taekwondo Gym 태권도 체육관의 서비스 만족에 영향을 미치는 용인 신희준HeeJoonShin DOI: Abstract This study focused on the evaluation of service level of Taekwondo operators according to the hands of customer satisfaction in sports field and grasping of original desire of customer who would be served. Also, it was provided specific and practicable information about the organizable and efficient operation of gym by searching the facts that effected on service satisfaction of Taekwondo gym It was selected for the convenience that 19 private gym which was operated in Osan and Ansan in Kyunggi-Do, and a group was middle school’s students and elementary school’s students in these gyms. Using the SPSS statistics Program version 10.0, data was suggested descriptive analysis about each cause, and multiple regression analysis was implemented for the major cause. In conclusion, we could see that in case of boy in elementary school, there was a significant explanation in facilities and coach, and about girl, there was a significant difference in facilities, coach and control of customer. In case of boy in middle school, there was a significant explanation in facilities and coach, and about girl, there was a significant difference in coach and control of customer Key Words Taekwondo, service, satisfaction
The study of consumer complaint behavior of members in a privately owned aerobics school 에어로빅 강습생의 소비자 불평행동에 관한 연구 안창규ChangKyuAhn 43(3) 527-536, 2004 Title The study of consumer complaint behavior of members in a privately owned aerobics school 에어로빅 강습생의 소비자 불평행동에 관한 연구 안창규ChangKyuAhn DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study is to apply and test relationship between customer complaint behavior and the intention of repurchase to design the customer correspondence strategy of sport customer in the field sport school business. Questionnaires containing 16 statements are administered to a total of 304 members of privately owned aerobics school in Rests, Korea Frequence analysis, multiple regression with stepwise method and discriminant analysis is used to estimate relationship between each variables These results were as follows ; 1) The complaint behavior of aerobics members showed highly the latent state of dissatisfaction than the manifest state of dissatisfaction. 2) As a result of multiple regression the equipment complaint has positively influenced upon the consideration of withdrawal and the program service complaint has positively influenced upon the communication among members. 3) The mutual relationship between two variables have it that the more non-communication behavior and improved teaching et al, the more intended repurchase is high. The non-communication behavior has the highest influence upon the degree of intended repurchase. Key Words Consumer complaint behavior, intended repurchase, sort school business
Analysis of Three Commitment Factors of Employees at Sports Centers 스포츠산업,경영 : 스포츠센터 종사자의 몰입 세 성분에 대한 연구 이병관ByungKwanLee 43(3) 537-547, 2004 Title Analysis of Three Commitment Factors of Employees at Sports Centers 스포츠산업,경영 : 스포츠센터 종사자의 몰입 세 성분에 대한 연구 이병관ByungKwanLee DOI: Abstract Three commitment factors play an important role in the organizational activities of people in an organization Recognizing their significance, this study examined discriminant validity in order to find out whether or not each factor is single dimensional and also analyzed the correlation between these three factors and job satisfaction. This study hopes to make a small contribution to sports service companies in managing their human resources in a more efficient manner. The participants of this subject were 317 full-time employees from comprehensive sports and fitness centers located in Seoul, Incheon and Gyeonggi Province. In order to collect data, questionnaires were administered. For job involvement Kanungo’s(1982) analysis was used and for organizational commitment, Meyer and Allen(1991)’s measurement was employed. Regarding occupational commitment, Blau(1985)’s analysis was used and lastly, for job satisfaction. Brayfield and Roth(1976)’ measurement was used. The reliability was .8046-9183. For statistical data analysis, factor analysis and Cronbach’s a were used in addition to hierarchical multiple regression The findings are as follows: Fast, when examining whether or not each factor is single dimensional by evaluating the validity of components of job involvement, organizational commitment, and occupational commitment, items in each factor were found to have the sane concept. However, each commitment factor was discovered to have a different concept. Second, the three commitment factors exerted a great influence on job satisfaction, which indicates that the three variables are the major influencing factors towards job satisfaction Third, among the commitment factors, occupational commitment had the greatest influence on job satisfaction(β=.516), next, job involvement(β=.240), and occupational commitment(β=222) in order. Key Words Job involvement, organizational commitment, occupational commitment, job
The Relationship between Spectating Environment and Desire to Stay or Satisfaction of Spetating in Public Performance of Dancing 스포츠산업,경영 : 무용 공연의 관람환경과 관람지속욕구 및 관람만족의 관계 정옥조OkJoChung , 조송현SongHyeonCho , 장경로KyungRoChang 43(3) 549-557, 2004 Title The Relationship between Spectating Environment and Desire to Stay or Satisfaction of Spetating in Public Performance of Dancing 스포츠산업,경영 : 무용 공연의 관람환경과 관람지속욕구 및 관람만족의 관계 정옥조OkJoChung , 조송현SongHyeonCho , 장경로KyungRoChang DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to find the relationship between spectating environment and spectating satisfaction including desire to stay in public performance of dancing. In detail, this study was first, to verify the relationship between spectating environment and desire to stay in public performance of darting, second, to examine spectating environment and spectating satisfaction. The population of this study was spectator who attended at public performer of dancing in Seoul. Using convenient sampling method, 873 ware asked to respond the survey instrument. Out of 873 data, 807 data were finally used for this study. The result of the reliability check up was here below; accessibility α=.714, attraction α=141, dearness α=.666, spectating cast α=.638, spectating promotion α=.646, desire to slay α=.793, satisfaction of spectating α=.738. Also, validity deck up through the confirmatory factor analysis using Amos 4.0 program The statistical technique for data analysis were multiple correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis by SPSS/PC ver 10.0 program. The conclusions of this study were as follows: First, spectating environment influenced a positive effect on desire to stay. Especially, accessibility and spectating rotation had ere effect on desire to say. Second, spatting environment influenced a positive effect on satisfaction of spectating. Especially, accessibility and spectating promotion had more effect on satisfaction of spectating. In summarizing the result of this study, marketer should concentrate on accessibility and spectating promotion among diverse spectating environment in managing the public performance of dancing. Through this kind of effort customs will be provided the better chance of having satisfaction during their spectating. Key Words spectating environment, desire to stay, spectating satisfaction, dancing
The study on the status(professionality) of the present front staffs and the plan for securing effective front staffs 스포츠산업,경영 : 프로스포츠 구단 프런트 구성원의 현황(전문성)과 효율적 확보 방안 조용찬YongChanCho 43(3) 559-567, 2004 Title The study on the status(professionality) of the present front staffs and the plan for securing effective front staffs 스포츠산업,경영 : 프로스포츠 구단 프런트 구성원의 현황(전문성)과 효율적 확보 방안 조용찬YongChanCho DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to address professionality of the present front staffs and to propose a strategy forattracting effective front staffs. The object of study wear 177 staffs who worked for 8 professional baseball teams or for 11 professional football teams. We could conclude these followed from the result of study. First, we might think that professional football and baseball which are one of the most popular sports in our country have more audience in the ration of 2:1 than any other sports. But there is a smaller audience in the professional football as compared to the professional baseball. Especially, the number of front staffs who works for professional much smaller than one works for professional football. The front staffs are lacking for managing the professional team. For a small number of front staffs carries out too many works, it is very difficult for them to do marketing effectively, specially and classified. Second, the purpose of professional team is that the team profit the company very well. At the same time it offers great image of the company and sound leisure to fans Also, it contributes to social welfare. The front staff who works for the professional team should major in physical education or in the field related to sports management. So professional team would have more specialized professional staffs than earlier and then manage whole team effectively. Third according to our materials, the front staff in the professional team work on an average for 4.64 years. Although the limited staffs have worked in the various fields for the lack of staffs, they have got only smell wages. So they are always complaining of few wages. Therefore, the professional team should build good working environment for the staffs and it try for front staff to get more wages than earlier. Also it should encourage them to be specialist in a field and to work for long time. Key Words professionality, front staffs, securing effective
The Influence of Plateau and Slump on Dance Performance and Adaptation to Universtiy Life of Students Majoring in Dance 무용학 : 무용전공 대학생의 고원과 슬럼프 현상이 무용성적과 학과적응에 미치는 영향 김정수JeoungSooKim , 김영미YoungMeeKim , 이만아MinAhLee 43(3) 571-580, 2004 Title The Influence of Plateau and Slump on Dance Performance and Adaptation to Universtiy Life of Students Majoring in Dance 무용학 : 무용전공 대학생의 고원과 슬럼프 현상이 무용성적과 학과적응에 미치는 영향 김정수JeoungSooKim , 김영미YoungMeeKim , 이만아MinAhLee DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study is to find out the influence of plateau and slump experiences on dance performance and adaptation to university life of students majoring in dance. Using a purposive sampling method, 410 male and female dances selected from randomly selected 8 universities located in Seoul, Gyeounggi-do, Chungcheongnam-do, and Gangwon-do. Collected data were analyzed to test the hypotheses with statistical methods such as correlation analysis, chi-square analysis, multiple regression analysis, one-way ANOVA. An overall process of surveys and evaluations leads to the following conclusions: First, 88.9% of dancers experienced plateau and 87.2% experienced slump. There were no significant differences of plateau experiences among students majoring in Korean dance, ballet and modem dance. But there were significant differences of slump experiences among them Also, periods of dance participation had significant influences on both plateau and slump experiences of dancers. Second, dancers who experienced plateau did not adapt more successfully to university life rather than darns who did not experience. Especially, psychological plateau experiences had significant influences on performance and adaptation to university life of dancers. Third, dances who experienced slump did not adapt more successfully to university life rather than dances who did not experience. Especially, environmental slump experiences had significant influences on adaptation to university life of dancers. Key Words Plateau, slump, dance performance, adaptation to university life
A Study on the Developing processes of Shilla Dynasty Dances in the Second Epoch 무용학 : 신라중대(新羅中代) 무용(舞踊)의 발달과정(發達過程) 김효분HyoBunKim 43(3) 581-589, 2004 Title A Study on the Developing processes of Shilla Dynasty Dances in the Second Epoch 무용학 : 신라중대(新羅中代) 무용(舞踊)의 발달과정(發達過程) 김효분HyoBunKim DOI: Abstract According to the report in a famous history book named SAMKUKSAGI the long history of Shilla Dynasty can be divided into three epoches: the first epoch is a period from the first king to the 28th queen, the second from the 29th ling to the 36th king and the third from the 37th king to the last 56th king. This thesis is especially focused on investigating the developing processor of Shilla Dynasty dances in tic second epoch of about 126 years between 654 and 780. During the second epoch of Shilla Dynasty have happened so rainy very important political and diplomatical characteristics on the Korean peninsula: for examples, the extermination of Baekje Dynasty(660), the extermination of Kokuryo Dynasty(668), the conflict and unification between Shilla and China(668-676) and the beginning of a diplomatical relationship of two countries(735). These political changes also influenced on the culture of. Shilla first of all in the field of art. The beginning time of the second epoch of Shilla Dynasty is identified as a war against the two neighbor countries which brought many war heroes who were worshiped by the people. And there were created many songs and dances for the sake of dent The Buddhism consoled the anguished named of the people by its credo and art named Buddhistic dances. In spite of the conflict with China the Shilla government introduced many advanced high culture front China through the Royal Academy of Art in 664 which created new form of Shilla art in one side and mixed or reformed the traditional old art in another side. The great festival of art by the Royal Academy was organized in 689 and 7 newly created or reformed dances were perfumed in front of the king. The culture of the two already perished neighbor countries was also helped flourish through the basical mind of unification in tie special parts to the country. The strand second of Shilla Dynasty can be regarded as a Golden Time in the art and the politics as well. Key Words Shilla art and dances
Research of Korean Dance-theater focused on narrative analysis 무용학 : 서사분석을 중심으로 한 한국무용극 <도미부인>연구 민성희SungHeeMin 43(3) 591-599, 2004 Title Research of Korean Dance-theater focused on narrative analysis 무용학 : 서사분석을 중심으로 한 한국무용극 <도미부인>연구 민성희SungHeeMin DOI: Abstract This Paper focused on how semiotic analysis should be formed about dance. semiotic methodology can be divided into him systems in the dance text. The first method of them analyzes performing elements, as dance movement, music, the stage and costume, separating them into a paradigma. The other one is a system which analyzes the narrative structure of dance. The narrative analyzes is effected in the Greimas semiotics. We can tell most semiotic methodology is centered around the Greimms semiotic. At this point, the thesis introduces the Greinas semiotics which is a core in the modem semiotics into Korean dance to offer the new frame of an interpreation. A dance theater, 〈Madam Do-mi〉 by Song Bum, is chosen for the text. The Greimas semiotics is useful for the narrative structure analysis. The narrative structure is one of important constituent elements with dance movement in Korean dance. According to the resuming structure, the Greimas narrative structure analysis integrates narrative structure simply arranged in a syntagmatic row after dissolving into paradigma. And that makes the scientific and rational interpretation possible. The analysis of the character actantiel made´le will gain interpretative diversity. Relation between the subject and object in the actantiel mode’le shows acquisition maintenance, in-acquisition and deprivation in line with the relation between connection and removal. In 〈Madam Do-mi〉, while acquisition and deprivation are contrary to each other, the whole nearing structure, ‘trial’, is realized. The narrative analyzes will be able to overcome the abstraction which the existing methodology have and define the meaning structure of the text more scientifically and rationally. Key Words Korean dance-theater, madam do-mi
The Relationship between Empowerment and Organizational Commitment of Dance Company 무용학 : 무용단조직의 임파워먼트와 조직몰입의 관계 최소빈SoBinChoi 43(3) 601-610, 2004 Title The Relationship between Empowerment and Organizational Commitment of Dance Company 무용학 : 무용단조직의 임파워먼트와 조직몰입의 관계 최소빈SoBinChoi DOI: Abstract This study placed the focus on clarifying the change of organizational commitment followed by the enhancement of empowerment for the date companies to contribute to human resource management practically. To achieve the purpose of study, the subjects were 475 dancers; members of seventeen dance companies including National, Municipal, Provincial and Private dance companies. The questionnaires regarding empowerment of dance company was the standard of Spreitzer(1995), were judged to show the illustration of approximately 64.1% and the reliability reaching to .703-.785. The questionnaires with regard to organizational commitment was the standard of Meyer and Allen(1991), was seemed to indicate the reliability amounting to .759. As for collected data, the analysis for hierarchical multiple regression was applied to sum up the results drawn through the abovementioned proses as follow; First, the empowerment and organizations commitment proved to be correlated with each other. Second, the meaning and impact; the lower levels of empowerment proved to be influential variables to increase organizational commitment among the comrades of the dance companies. This conclusions shall suggest that the organizational atmosphere be changed into adapting the purpose of the task and the title role in the task to the sense of value and attitude of each individual, the strategy, administration and critical decisions for practical business to open and participated for the individuals to influence on them. Key Words Empowerment, organizationa
The Effects of Resistance Exercise Prescription on the Body Composition, Abdominal Fat and Metabolism Regulatory Hormone in the Severe Obesity Middle-age Women 운동생리학 : 저항성운동 처방이 고도비만 중년여성의 체조성과 복부지방 및 대사관련 호르몬에 미치는 영향 강대관DaeKwanKang 43(3) 613-622, 2004 Title The Effects of Resistance Exercise Prescription on the Body Composition, Abdominal Fat and Metabolism Regulatory Hormone in the Severe Obesity Middle-age Women 운동생리학 : 저항성운동 처방이 고도비만 중년여성의 체조성과 복부지방 및 대사관련 호르몬에 미치는 영향 강대관DaeKwanKang DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of resistance exercise precription on body composition, abdominal fat and metabolism regulatory hormone function in the severe obesity middle-aged women. Eight severe obesity middle-aged women were selected to perform the resistance exercise prescription with in 60~70%RM, for 60min/day, 3~4times/week during 12weeks. The statistical techniques utilized in the study were paired t test and regression analysis. The .05 level was initially established in significance. The conclusions of the study ware as follows ; In the body composition, abdominal fat function there were significant difference on the body weight, total body fat, percentage of fat, body mass index, total abdominal fat, visceral fat volume, subcutaneous fat volume, and visceral-to-subcutaneous fat volume ratio same significantly decreased. In the metabolism regulatory hormone function there were significant difference on the leptin and Free Fatty acid were significantly increased, insulin and cortisol were significantly decreased. Key Words Resistance exercise prescription, abdominal fat, metabolism regulatory hormone
Effects of the upper extremity pattern and rhythmic stabilization technique of PNF on the ROM and VAS in Frozen shoulder patients 운동생리학 : 오십견 환자의 PNF적용 후 견관절 가동범위와 주관적 통증변화에 관한 연구 구성완SungWanKoo , 체정룡JeongRyongChae , 김형준HyungJunKim 43(3) 623-631, 2004 Title Effects of the upper extremity pattern and rhythmic stabilization technique of PNF on the ROM and VAS in Frozen shoulder patients 운동생리학 : 오십견 환자의 PNF적용 후 견관절 가동범위와 주관적 통증변화에 관한 연구 구성완SungWanKoo , 체정룡JeongRyongChae , 김형준HyungJunKim DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to find the effects of upper extremity pattern and rhythmic stabilization technique of PNF(Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation) on the ROM(Range Of Motion) and VAS(Visual Analogue Scale) in Frozen shoulder patients. Following approval by the chief of neurosurgery, nineteen frozen shoulder patients were divided into two groups : The nine were in the PNF(Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation) exercise group and the ten others were in the physical therapy group. All subject were performed with the PNF exercise and the physical therapy for at least 3 weeks. Experimental data were analysed by statistical method t-test and Post-hoc was used for Duncan’s multiple range test. All statistical test in this study were conducted at the .05 level of significance. With above experimental process the following results were gained. 1. ROM The PNF exercise group is more effective in increasing ROM such as flexion(t= 27.68,p〈.00), extension(t=11.59,p〈.00), adduction(t=17.06,p〈.00), abduction(t=21.06, p〈.00), internal rotation(t=40.51,p〈.00), external rotation(t=46.24,p〈.00) and compare group was not significant differences on main effect(p〈.05). 2. VAS The Visual analogue scale of both group(PNF execise group; t=32.68, physical therapy group; t=10.56, p〈.00) was decreased significantly(p〈.05). Therefore, in other to prevent and treatment Frozen shoulder patients, it is necessary to ROM. in applying PNF(Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation) , ROM (Range Of Motion) program. Key Words PNF, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation, ROM, range of motion, VAS, visual analogue scale, Frozen s houlder patients, upper extremity pattern, rhythmic stabilization
The effects of the resistance exercise with aerobic exercise program on body composition and ECG response in the severe obesity women 운동생리학 : 고도 비만 여성들의 저항성 운동을 병행한 유산소 운동 프로그램이 신체조성 및 심전도 반응에 미치는 영향 김남익NamIkKim 43(3) 633-644, 2004 Title The effects of the resistance exercise with aerobic exercise program on body composition and ECG response in the severe obesity women 운동생리학 : 고도 비만 여성들의 저항성 운동을 병행한 유산소 운동 프로그램이 신체조성 및 심전도 반응에 미치는 영향 김남익NamIkKim DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the resistance exercise with aerobic exercise program on body composition and ECG response in the severe obesity women. The subjects consisted 12 severe obesity women, who was aged 20-30years were checked by a body composition and exercise stress testing. In measurement index, body composition analysis were measured of percent body fat, body fluid, BMI and WHR. And exercise stress tasting were measured ST segment, ST/HR slope, ECG interval, and QRS vector. We enrolled 12 severe obesity women into the participated 12 week exercise training program Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of paired t-test. Results of this study were as follows; In the body composition, weight, percent body fat, body fluid, BMI, and WHR were showed significantly effects of exercise program participation in the all index. In the ST segment, ST level were increased at peak exercise in read V2 and V5, and ST slope were decreased at peak exercise in the read V2 and V5. ST/HR slope of read V2 and V5 were increased significantly exercise program participation after then before in exercise peak recovery three min. In the ECG interval, P-R and QRS interval were showed no significant, but ST, QT, and QTc interval were prolonged significantly exercise program participation after than before. In the QRS vector, frontal axis of resting and recovery was tend to right axis deviation significantly exercise program participation after than before. And, in the amplitude of QRS vector, resting and recovery was tend to longer significantly exercise program participation after than before. These data suggest that 12 week exercise training program in severe obesity women is an effective to improve body composition and cardiac function. Conclusionally, severe obesity women will no longer be a rare event, and providers have to prepare to treat such patients on a regular basis. Key Words Severe obesity, resistance exercise with aerobic exercise program, ST segment, ST/HR slope, ECG interval, QRS vector
The Effects of detraining on plasma leptin and insulin concentration in obese pre-pubertal children 운동생리학 : Detraining이 비만 중학생의 혈중 leptin과 인슐린 농도 변화에 미치는 영향 김은정EunJungKim 43(3) 645-654, 2004 Title The Effects of detraining on plasma leptin and insulin concentration in obese pre-pubertal children 운동생리학 : Detraining이 비만 중학생의 혈중 leptin과 인슐린 농도 변화에 미치는 영향 김은정EunJungKim DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the efforts of B weeks periods of aerobic training and same periods of detraining on plasma fasting leptin and insulin concentration in obese pre-pubertal children. The subjects of present study were divided by two groups 20 obese pre-pubertal children group(OB; age:14.2±0.22yrs, height:160.1±6.17cm, weight:76.2±3.4kg. % body fat:35.2±4.9 %, BMI(weight(kg)/height(m2):29.8±5.46) and 20 non-obese pre-pubertal children group(NO; age:l4.1±0.18yrs, height:168.0±6.03cm, weight:56.1±5.90kg, % body fat:15.0±4.45 %, BMI(weight(kg)/height(m2) :19.9±3.21). Both OB and NO participated in HR max test to calculate their 60% HR max exercise intensity. All subjects engaged in aerobic training for 2-months and then ceased the aerobic training for next 2 month. The mean plasma fasting leptin concentration of OB group following the training and detraining period was higher than that of NO group, and there were significant differences between OB and NO groups(p〈.05). The mean plasma fasting insulin concentration of NO group following the training and detraining period was lower than that of OB group, and so there were significant differences between NO and OB groups(p〈.05). In conclusion, the results of this study confirm that aerobic training and detraining played a major role in the increased insulin sensitivity and decreased insulin resistance in non obese and obese prepubertal children. Also, insulin might be involved in the training and detraining effect of plasma leptin concentration in obese pre-pubertal children. but it dose not appear to relate plasma leptin in non obese pre-pubertal children. Key Words Training, detraining, leptin, insulin, obese pre-pubertal children
Effect of stretching exercise as work-related musculoskeletal pain of neck and shoulder 운동생리학 : 업무관련 근골격계 질환 중 목과 어깨의 통증에 대한 스트레칭 운동 효과 분석 김종균JongKyunKim , 이승주SeungJooLee 43(3) 655-662, 2004 Title Effect of stretching exercise as work-related musculoskeletal pain of neck and shoulder 운동생리학 : 업무관련 근골격계 질환 중 목과 어깨의 통증에 대한 스트레칭 운동 효과 분석 김종균JongKyunKim , 이승주SeungJooLee DOI: Abstract One hundred sixteen female workers from automobile product assembly line filled out fine questionnaire. After taking stretching exercise for far weeks, seventy seven workers were selected as a final subject of analysis and they completed second questionnaire in order to investigate variation of personal health behavior. Among the subjects who have musculoskeletal pain of neck and shoulder, four weeks regular exercise taken experimental subjects and no exercise taken control subjects were compared to evaluate effectiveness of stretching exercise. As a result of study, the prevalence of symptom was 71.43% in the subjects of work-related musculoskeletal self-consciousness symptom. The most of study subjects experienced pain everyday. The pain was most seventy appeared when they get out of bed and stand for work Experimental subjects were remarkably improved than control subjects in the pain scale, and the degree of pain in experimental subjects decreased statistically significant(P〈.01). Moreover, among the experimental subject, pain invented study subjects tend to be increased. Therefore, this study showed that stretching exercise was tremendously effective to decease pain in musculoskeletal symptom of neck and shoulder. Key Words musculoskeletal disease, pain, stretching exercise
Effects of pre-competition training patterns on swim performance and leptin, insulin and free fatty acids concentration in competitive swimmers 운동생리학 : 경기 전 훈련형태가 경영선수의 경기력과 leptin, insulin 및 free fatty acids 농도에 미치는 영향 김효식HyoSikKim , 표재환JaeHwanPyo , 최강진KangJinChoi , 이병두ByungDooLee 43(3) 663-672, 2004 Title Effects of pre-competition training patterns on swim performance and leptin, insulin and free fatty acids concentration in competitive swimmers 운동생리학 : 경기 전 훈련형태가 경영선수의 경기력과 leptin, insulin 및 free fatty acids 농도에 미치는 영향 김효식HyoSikKim , 표재환JaeHwanPyo , 최강진KangJinChoi , 이병두ByungDooLee DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of training patters on serum leptin, insulin and plasma free fatty acids(FFA) as well as swim performance in highly competitive swimmers. Foruteen highly trained collegiate male swimmers were recruited and divided into two groups: either taper group (EXT: 19.86±1.57yrs: 175.86±4.10cm) or non-taper group (CON: 19.86±1.3Syrs 179.13±6.16cm). Subjects in EXT performed three training protocols which was 2 weeks de-training period, 8 weeks normal training period and 2 weeks taper period, while subjects in CON performed only two training protocols that consisted of 2 weeks de-training period and 10 weeks normal training period. Each training sessions were completed, all subjects undertook 100m sprint swimming and blood samples were taken for leptin, insulin and FFT concentration measurement. Following taper period, there was a not significantly faster 100m sprint swimming performance in EXT compared to CON. Sprint swimming record was also not significantly improved following taper period compared to normal exercise training period in EXT (56"70±2.03 second for normal training period vs. 55"99±2.11 second for taper period). The concentration of resting leptin, insulin and FFA from EXT was not significantly changed but FFA concentration was significantly altered in CON which did not have taper period. In conclusion, serum leptin and insulin concentration were not sensitive to prolonged intensity training and FFA was changed that training volume and duration these data suggest that leptin may not be useful in monitoring relative swim training stress in highly competitive swimmers. Key Words Swimming performance, taper, training, leptin, insulin, free fatty acids
The Effect of Submaximal Exercise with Various Intensities on the Stress Hormones 운동생리학 : 운동 강도의 차이에 따른 최대하 운동이 혈중 스트레스 호르몬 농도에 미치는 영향 박성태SungTaePark 43(3) 673-680, 2004 Title The Effect of Submaximal Exercise with Various Intensities on the Stress Hormones 운동생리학 : 운동 강도의 차이에 따른 최대하 운동이 혈중 스트레스 호르몬 농도에 미치는 영향 박성태SungTaePark DOI: Abstract Exercise is of benefit to many aspects of health, but exhaustive exercise above specific intensity sans to be related to the some side effect of exercise. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the effects of various exercise intensities on the change of stress hormones Particularly, use intend to apply the same volumes of exercise to examine only the pure effects of exercise intensity. 7 healthy young males(age : 25.6±1.5, VO2max: 56.0±2.7 ml/kg/min) participated in four trials. At each trial, subjects ran on the treadmill at the respective intensities corresponding to 50%, 65%, 75%, 85% of VO2max. They exercised for different duration so that energy expenditure was equal to all subjects(400kca1). The order of the trials was randomized and separated by one week. Blood was obtained at rest, immediately after exercise, and at 90 min after exercise to measure epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol. The concentration of catecholamine was increased immediately after exercise more than baseline level(epinephrine: p〈.05, norepinephrine; p〈.01) and norepinephrine was decreased at recovery 90 min more than immediately after exercise at 75% and 85% of VO2max. In the effort of exercise intensity, the concentration of norepinphrine at 85% intensity was higher than the at 50%, 65% intensities immediately after exercise. Cortisol level at 85% intensity was higher than those at other intensities. In conclusion, the concentrations of norepinephrine and cortisol were affected by exercise intensities and at the 85% of VO2max, the concentrations was higher than any other intensities. Key Words Exercise intensity, submaximal exercise, stress hormone
Effect of regular exercise on oxidative genes and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor proteins expression, and enzyme activities on Type Ⅱ muscle fiber in rat 운동생리학 : 규칙적인 운동이 Type Ⅱ 근섬유 내 지질대사 관련 유전자 및 PPAR 단백질의 발현과 효소 활성도에 미치는 영향 박수연SooYeonPark , 이종삼JongSamLee , 이장규JangKyuLee , 조인호InHoCho , 김창근ChangKeunKim 43(3) 681-690, 2004 Title Effect of regular exercise on oxidative genes and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor proteins expression, and enzyme activities on Type Ⅱ muscle fiber in rat 운동생리학 : 규칙적인 운동이 Type Ⅱ 근섬유 내 지질대사 관련 유전자 및 PPAR 단백질의 발현과 효소 활성도에 미치는 영향 박수연SooYeonPark , 이종삼JongSamLee , 이장규JangKyuLee , 조인호InHoCho , 김창근ChangKeunKim DOI: Abstract We investigated whether regular exercise exerts any significant roles in regulatory genes (i.e., fatty acid translocase [FAT/CD36] mRNA, carnitine palmitoyl transferase [CPT]-1 mRNA β-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase [β-HAD] mRNA, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 [PDK4] mRNA, mitochondrial uncoupling protein-3 [UCP3] mRNA) and proteins (peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor [PPAR] α and ν ) expression and enzyme (citrate synthase [CS] and [β-HAD]) activities that closely involved in lipid uptake and oxidation in skeletal muscle cells. Sixteen female Sprague-Dawley rats were used, and divided into two experimental conditions: either untrained (n=8) or trained (n=8). While rats in untrained group performed no training, animals in trained group undertook 8wk of regular exercise (4 times wk-1, 1000m session-1) on the treadmill. The expression of all genes important for lipid oxidation tended to increase in trained group but statistical significance was only found in PDK4 (p〈0.01) and UCP3 (p〈0.05). Despite increases in the expression of some of genes involved in lipid metabolism there was no effect of chronic exercise on PPARα and ν protein abundance in extensor digitorum longs (EDL) muscle (p＞0.05). Similar to PPAR protein expressions, oxidative enzymes were not shown any significant effect following 8w k regular exercise program. This study suggested that activation of PPAR α and ν may not be necessary for the coordinated induction of fatty acid oxidative genes after chronically trained muscle. Additional studies examining the exercise duration and intensities of this molecular response, the major transcriptional regulators, and gene expressions should be undertaken. Key Words Fat genes, PPAR, enzyme activity, exercise training
The effects of regular exercise on cognitive function & exercise capacity in patient with senile dementia 운동생리학 : 지구성 운동프로그램이 노인성 치매환자의 인지기능과 운동능력에 미치는 영향 엄상용SangYongUm , 곽이섭YiSubKwak , 김성수SungSooKim 43(3) 691-697, 2004 Title The effects of regular exercise on cognitive function & exercise capacity in patient with senile dementia 운동생리학 : 지구성 운동프로그램이 노인성 치매환자의 인지기능과 운동능력에 미치는 영향 엄상용SangYongUm , 곽이섭YiSubKwak , 김성수SungSooKim DOI: Abstract The present study was to verify the effects of regular concise on cognitive function and exercise capacity in patient with senile dementia. Thirty senile dementia patients were volunteered to participate in the present study and they were divided into two groups : the exercise group (n=15) and the control group (n=15). The exercise group participated in regular exercise program (upper limb exercise: shoulder wheel, tetra-baud, overhead pulley, wall bar, swiss ball, and dumbbell; lower limb exercise: restorator, parallel bar, vibrator, staircase, and swiss ball) and their MMSE (mini-mental state examination), exercise capacity (cardiopulmonary function, muscle strength muscular endurance, flexibility, balance agility) levels were evaluated at baseline, after 6 month;, after 12 months. The subject carried on group excise of 30-60 minute a day, 2-3 times per week for 12 months in H hospital. The level of statistical significance was ≤.05. The results of this study were summarized as follows; There were significant differences in MMSE, cardiopulmonary function, muscle strength muscular endurance, flexibility and agility at the time of pre, mid and past following the regular exercise. And there was significant differences in balance at the time of pre and past, whereas there was no significant differences in pre and mid following the regular exercise. Based on the results of this particular study, regular exercise have an effect on the cognitive funnel & exercise capacity in patient with senile dementia. Key Words Alzheimer’s disease （AD）, vascular dementia （VaD）, cognitive function, exercise capacity
The effects of 12weeks training depending on existing or non-existing obese genes to metabolic regulatory hormones, blood lipids and body compositions 비만유전자 변이 유ㆍ무에 따른 12주간의 운동이 대사조절호르몬, 혈중지질, 신체구성에 미치는 영향 왕석우SukWooWang 43(3) 699-711, 2004 Title The effects of 12weeks training depending on existing or non-existing obese genes to metabolic regulatory hormones, blood lipids and body compositions 비만유전자 변이 유ㆍ무에 따른 12주간의 운동이 대사조절호르몬, 혈중지질, 신체구성에 미치는 영향 왕석우SukWooWang DOI: Abstract The subject of this study were 18 women with more than 30% of body fat who were obese women aged wore that 35 years. They were classified into two groups 9 each; the group of genetic mutation and the group of normal gene according to the presence or absence of genetic mutation by analyzing the gene polymorphism of β3-adrenaline receptor and protein. They were asked to engage in the combined exercise of aerobic exercise and weight training at the 60~70% intensity of aerobic exercise and the 60% of weight training for daily 60 minute; five times a week for 12 weeks. After completion of the 12-week training, the attempt was made to analyze the picture of the change in metabolic regulatory hormone, blood lipid and body composition to identify the effectiveness of the training. In conclusion, tune was no change in obese hormones such as leptin, insulin, and blood lipid, and weight, abdominal fat and body mass index between the group of mutation and nomality of the β3-adrenaline receptor and protein gene, genetic factors, in carrying out the exercise program This implies that there was no difference in genetic obesity or acquired obesity after the 12-week exercise program Accordingly, it is thought that continual exercise would make no change to such obese hormones as leptin, insulin and blood lipid, and weight abdominal fat and body miss index according to hereditary obesity and acquired obesity. However, both the group of gene mutation and of gene normality showed a high improvement in such obese hormones as leptin, insulin and high-density lipoprotein, and of body fat abdominal fat and body mass index after the 12-week exercise pogrom. This suggest that continual exercise could affect an effective improvement to obese middle-aged women in both the mutation and normal group. Key Words Obese genes, body compositions metabolic regulatory hormones, blood lipids
The Responses of Testosterone, Growth Hormone, IGF-1, Cortisol on Resistance Exercise of Various Intensities 운동생리학 : 다양한 강도의 저항운동이 testosterone, growth hormone, IGF-1, cortisol 반응에 미치는 영향 유재현JaeHyunYoo , 김성수SungSooKim , 김명기MyungKiKim , 윤성진SungJinYoon , 김은경EunKyungKim , 이은경EunKyungLee , 최희남HeeNamChoi , 윤진환JinHwanYoon , 지용석YongSukJee 43(3) 713-725, 2004 Title The Responses of Testosterone, Growth Hormone, IGF-1, Cortisol on Resistance Exercise of Various Intensities 운동생리학 : 다양한 강도의 저항운동이 testosterone, growth hormone, IGF-1, cortisol 반응에 미치는 영향 유재현JaeHyunYoo , 김성수SungSooKim , 김명기MyungKiKim , 윤성진SungJinYoon , 김은경EunKyungKim , 이은경EunKyungLee , 최희남HeeNamChoi , 윤진환JinHwanYoon , 지용석YongSukJee DOI: Abstract Resistance exercise has been one of the major potent stimulus to the neuromuscular system Based on the specific program design resistance training has been reported to enhance shingle power, or local muscular endurance. However, the scientific basis of the exercise intensity has not been enough to manifest about several hormone(e.g. anabolic, catabolic or appetite hormone). So the purpose of this study was to define that the responses of anabolic, catabolic and appetite hormone after resistance exercise of high level intensity(HI), moderate level intensity(MI), and low level intensity(Ll). The subjects for this study were 9 men (Age=25.4±3.56yts; height=175.6±4.46㎝; weight=71.6±8.97kg) who didn’t have history of cardiopulmonary diseases and medical problem. They performed the circuit resistance training using HI(10reps at 80% of one-repetition maximum(1R14, bran rest), MI(13reps at 6O% of 1RM, Min rest), and LI(20reps; at 4O% of 1RM, 1min not) protocols with 3 sets. Approximately, total exercise volume was 39,000J on all of the exercise protocols. Hormonal concentration was measured at three different tints: pm, past and Naivety thirty minutes of the exercise. For the data, all of the measurements -tire represented by mean and standard deviation using SP% statistical package(version 10.0). The statistics techniques for data analysis were two-way repeated ANOVA to determine the differences between each intensity and each time. One-way ANOVA was used to the specific analysis of exercise intensity. The 5% level of significance was used as the critical level for acceptance of hypotheses of the study. Key Words Resistance training, anabolic hormone, catabolic hormone
Norm-referenced criteria of cardiorespiratory fitness for the Korea pro-baseball players 운동생리학 : 한국 프로야구 선수의 심폐지구력 평가기준치 설정 임승길SeungKilLim , 김병곤ByungGonKim , 권태윤TaeYoonKwon , 강흠덕HeumDukKang 43(3) 727-734, 2004 Title Norm-referenced criteria of cardiorespiratory fitness for the Korea pro-baseball players 운동생리학 : 한국 프로야구 선수의 심폐지구력 평가기준치 설정 임승길SeungKilLim , 김병곤ByungGonKim , 권태윤TaeYoonKwon , 강흠덕HeumDukKang DOI: Abstract Purpose: This study was to norm-referenced criteria of cardiorepiratory fitness for the Korea pro-baseball players. Methods: Data Here obtained from one hundred twenty nine pro-baseball players. They didn’t have any medical problem. They performed exercise stress test on treadmill. The assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness were VO2 max, ATVO2, AT-%V02 max, Maxmal Heart Rate and AT- Heart Rate. The study were presented as a norm-referenced criterion value using 5-point scale. Results: VO2 max mean value is 49.6~55.1mL·kg-1 min-1 AT-%VO2max mean value is 34. 4~41.3mL·kg-1·min-1 AT-%VO2 max mean value is 69.9~76.3%, Heart rate mix man value is 69.9~76.3% Heart rate max mean value is 183~191.4beat·min-1 These results suggested that very useful on athlete trainer, rehabilitation specialist baseball coach Conclusion: Cardiorepiratory fitness evaluation by use of AT-Heart rate is very important factor. Key Words norm-referenced criteria, cardiorespiratory fitness, pro-baseball player
Effect of Exercise-based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program on Heart Rate Recovery 운동생리학 : 심장재활운동이 관상동맥 질환자의 운동 후 심박수 회복에 미치는 영향 제세영SaeYoungJae 43(3) 735-741, 2004 Title Effect of Exercise-based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program on Heart Rate Recovery 운동생리학 : 심장재활운동이 관상동맥 질환자의 운동 후 심박수 회복에 미치는 영향 제세영SaeYoungJae DOI: Abstract Impaired heart rate recovery (HRR) after exercise, which is a marker of reduced parasympathetic activity, predicts untidily and cardiovascular disease events of patients with heart disuse. Although exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation has been well known to decrease of cardiovascular disease or all-cause mortality, these mechanisms are not complete understand. There is few data to the impact of HRR after exercise in cardiac rehabilitation program Therefore, we examined the effects of exercise training in cardiac rehabilitation pro gam to changes of HRR 32 nine patients (56.3±11.1 yrs) with PCI who participated phase II cardiac rehabilitation program wore randomly assigned to the exercise group (n=16) or the control group (n=16) who did not attend cardiac rehabilitation. Exercise group was intruded to continue prescribed aerobic type exercise at 50 to 80% of maximal heart rate reserve for 45 to 60 minutes a session 3 days per week. All patients underwent a symptom-limited exercise test with modified Bruce protocol at baseline and after 8 weeks. The value for the HRR was calculated as the difference between HR at peals exercise and HR at 1 minute (HRR1) of the recovery period during cxercise test At hairline, them were no significant differences in HRR 1 and other parameter in between group. After 8 weeks, the HRRI was significantly increased in exercise group (21.2±9.9 to 25.8±12.7, p=0.041)), but no significantly increased in control group (22.3±7.1 to 22.6±8.2, p=0.878B). Thee were also significant differences in between group (P〈0.001). Increased of HRR after exercise training might be due to improve in parasympathetic nervous activity, which could contribute to decrease risk of sudden cardiac death in patients with enrolled exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation. Key Words Heart rate recovery, exercise training, cardiac rehabilitation, parasympathetic activity
The Effect of Regular Exercise Program on Cobb’s Angle and Fitness Parameters in Teenagers with Scoliosis 운동생리학 : 근력과 유연성 복합운동이 측만증 청소년의 측만각도와 요부근력에 미치는 영향 조지훈JiHoonCho , 이운용WoonYongLee , 김경태KyongTaeKim , 최은수EunSooChoi , 이대택DaeTaekLee 43(3) 743-751, 2004 Title The Effect of Regular Exercise Program on Cobb’s Angle and Fitness Parameters in Teenagers with Scoliosis 운동생리학 : 근력과 유연성 복합운동이 측만증 청소년의 측만각도와 요부근력에 미치는 영향 조지훈JiHoonCho , 이운용WoonYongLee , 김경태KyongTaeKim , 최은수EunSooChoi , 이대택DaeTaekLee DOI: Abstract In order to explore the effect of a regular exercise program on Cobb’s angle and fitness variables in teenagers with scoliosis, five high school students (two boys and three girls) participated in this study. they were tested three times; before, during and after the participation of the program for body fat lumbar strength curve angle, and fitness variables. 1. During the measured time frame, body fat content has lien cc-ducal in a favorable direction, and it was statistically different (p＜.01). 2. Lumbar strength was increased throughout the measured tint frame and was statistically different (P＜.05) Also, lumbar strength in diverse angles were increased but it was not statistically significant after post-hoc test (p＞.05). 3. Evaluations of Cobb’s angle of thoracic region was changed after the program and it was statistically different (P＜05). But no difference was found in the lumber region (P＞.06). 4. In physical fitness variables, muscular strength, sit-and-reach and balance stability were not changed. However, trunk backward extension and sit-ups were ire used after the program (P＜.05). In conclusion, regular weight training ball-exercise, and dumbbell men-ism provided a positive effect on Cobb’s angle and hunter strength in patients with scoliosis. It appears that the use of combined exercise programs including weight training. MI exercise, and dumbbell exercises are recommendable for patients with scoliosis. And its application should be regular and systematic. Key Words Scoliosis, cobb’s angle, regular exercise, fitness
The effects of Propolis supplementation on aerobic exercise induced oxidative stress 운동생리학 : 프로폴리스 섭취가 운동에 의한 산화적 손상에 미치는 영향 진영수YoungSooJin , 박은경EunKyungPark , 이혜영HyeYoungLee , 강미옥MiOkKang , 이한준HanJoonLee , 조성기SungKeeJo , 이경옥KyungOkYi 43(3) 753-765, 2004 Title The effects of Propolis supplementation on aerobic exercise induced oxidative stress 운동생리학 : 프로폴리스 섭취가 운동에 의한 산화적 손상에 미치는 영향 진영수YoungSooJin , 박은경EunKyungPark , 이혜영HyeYoungLee , 강미옥MiOkKang , 이한준HanJoonLee , 조성기SungKeeJo , 이경옥KyungOkYi DOI: Abstract The propolis of honeybee hives has long been used in folk medicine. Recent studies show propolis supplementatin exhibits a broad merman of activities such as antibiotic, antiinflanmatory, antifrugal and aatitulmrigenie properties. Along with these activities, antioxidative effects of propolis and its components have also been studied in vitro. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of propolis supplementation on antioxidative system to oxidative suers induced by high intensity aerobic exercise. There were 34 subjects in our study. We divided then into two groups. In the experimental group(N=17), subjects took propolis(800mg/day) for 2 %wits. In the control group(N=17), we also gave them a placebo to give the sane condition as the experimental group. Blood samples were taken during the resting state, 1min after maximal treadmill exercise(bruce protocol) and lamely 30min after exercise. We examined the concentration of plasma malondialdehyde(MDA), the percentage of DPPH degradation, and acitivities of superoxide dismutase(SOD). The MDA levels were decreased in propolis group at resting level after treatment Even though there eve no significant difference between the groups, the decreasing rate was also higher in the propolis supplementation getup at the postexercise and recovery stages-30min. There was no significant differences about the percentage of DPPH degradation between the groups, but in the control group, there was significant difference in pm and post values. It means that propolis suplementation could retard degradation rate of scavenging activities of the DPPH There were a lot of variation about the SOD level. So We could not detect the trend. In conclusion, We could find that Propolis supplementation could help preventing exercise induced oxidative stress sally resting MDA level, but couldn’t determine to SOD. Therefore, further study should be continued to evaluate OUT results. Key Words propolis, oxidative stress, MDA, DPPH, SOD, aerobic exercise
Kinematical Analysis of the Volleyball Spike 운동역학 : 배구 스파이크의 운동학적 분석 강상학SangHackKang 43(3) 769-777, 2004 Title Kinematical Analysis of the Volleyball Spike 운동역학 : 배구 스파이크의 운동학적 분석 강상학SangHackKang DOI: Abstract This study was conducted to provide useful information for the scientific training of spikes and instruction, by analyzing all kinematical variants including time, distance, speed, and angle factors in open spike movements of volleyball patches. The subjects were eight women players, who participated in the 2003 University Volleyball League. The conclusion from this study is as follows. 1. The treading time in the jump section was 0.31 seconds he rate between before and after impact in the flight action was approximately 3:2. 2. There were a lot of differences in the distribution of weights in both feet at the jumping moment depending on players. The rate of L·R was 54:46, which meant the right foot had more weight. As for the position style of the two feet, there were two types: front-back direction (S1, S2, S7, S8), which meant the left foot is front and the right back and diagonal direction (S3, S4, S5, S6). It was found that the stride at the moment of spike was 0.54m and the moving distance in the flight section was 0.95m. 3. The speed of the ball immediately after impact was 19.41m/s. In the jumping section, the changing value of body-centered horizontal speed was -2.07m/s, and the changing value of vertical speed was 3.75m/s. 4. In the jumping section, the forward degree was 15 when the left foot took off and the backward degree was 15 when the right foot landed. The left foot angle just before jumping was 47 and the right foot angle was 40. It is appropriate that the left foot angle just before jumping is around 45. Also, it is regarded that the right toot angle should have a smaller angle than the left foot. In the jumping section, the maximum right knee angle was 115, and the maximum left knee angle was 92. Key Words Volleyball, spike
Dynamic Intralimb Characteristics of Throwing Arm according to Skill Levels in Bowling 운동역학 : 볼링에서 기술수준에 따른 던지는 팔분절사이의 동역학적 특성 김승재SeungJaeKim , 신제민JeMinShin , 김로빈RoBinKim 43(3) 779-788, 2004 Title Dynamic Intralimb Characteristics of Throwing Arm according to Skill Levels in Bowling 운동역학 : 볼링에서 기술수준에 따른 던지는 팔분절사이의 동역학적 특성 김승재SeungJaeKim , 신제민JeMinShin , 김로빈RoBinKim DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare dynamic intralimb characteristics of throwing arm according to skill levels in bowling and to interpret the results in the aspect of dynamic approach in the field of motor learning and control. Two groups of skill level that were composed of experts and novices in bowling were recruited for this study. Expert group was formed by four female elite bowlers who had an experience to play as a member of Korea national team and novice group was by four female novices who were an university student and had no experience except for four instructional trials immediately before this test. While performing the bowling motions, the positions of the four anatomical landmarks were collected using a Photosonic 1PL 16 mm high speed camera. The developed film was digitized from the frame of .2 s before left heel landing to the frame of .2 s after release. The position-time data were smoothed with a 2nd-order Butterworth Low-pass Filter at the cutoff frequency of 4 Hz For Me three-segment model, the upper arm, forearm and hand & ball of swing arm were modeled as a planar, three-segment rigid body system. The calculated variables were angular velocity, acceleration, and frequency of lower and upper arm mechanical energy of ball, joint moment, and angle versus angular velocity phase. Independent-samples t-test were conducted to determine the differences between the biomechanical variables of the two skill level groups and the level of significance was chosen to be .05. When comprehensively observed the selected biomechanical variables, most of the variables consistently slowed simplified characteristics in novice group which mean that the degree of freedom was frozen at throwing arm and showed lots of variation in expert group which mean that the degree of freedom was released Consequently, these results could be interpreted as the process of freezing and releasing of degree of freedom in the throwing arm according to skill levels, which could prove experimentally the Berstein’s proposal. This interpretation suggests that the biomechanical variables could have more practical meaning in the field rather than the mere representation of numbers. Key Words bowling, intralimb, dynamic
Kinematic characteristics of the Asian long jumpers in 8m record 운동역학 : 멀리뛰기 8m 기록 아시아 선수들의 운동학적 특성 김혜영HyeYoungKim 43(3) 789-801, 2004 Title Kinematic characteristics of the Asian long jumpers in 8m record 운동역학 : 멀리뛰기 8m 기록 아시아 선수들의 운동학적 특성 김혜영HyeYoungKim DOI: Abstract The purposes of this study were to investigate the characteristics of the technique used by Asian long jumpers who recorded 8m using the kinematic analysis from the last three slide to the landing in the long jump and to compare with them of the national elite athletes. For this study, the subjects were the top 3 finalists in the man’s long jump of the Asian Games held in Busan in 2002. The conclusion were as follows; 1. In the approach phase the horizontal velocity of the jumpers decreased about 0.5m/s to the last stick takeoff, but the national athletes decreased about 1m/s. 2. The height of center of gravity(CG) of the jumpers at the last stride was significantly lowered as much as the CG at touch down into the board but in the national athletes it was not. 3. The jumpers obtained 74% of the final vertical velocity during the compression phase, but the national athletes obtained 36%. 4. The reduction of horizontal velocity during the lift phase was 0.31 m/s in this study, it was smaller than about 0.7 m/s of the national athletes. 5. The jumpers put the takeoff leg in front of the CG and balanced on the body and prepared in advance for the landing motion at the maximum height point in the flight phase. Key Words effective distance, 8m, sideways landing
The effect of fatigue caused by a prolonged run on the variability of the lower extremity segment coupling 운동역학 : 오래 달리기로 인한 피로가 하지 분절 Coupling 운동의 Variability에 미치는 영향 류지선JiSeonRyu 43(3) 803-811, 2004 Title The effect of fatigue caused by a prolonged run on the variability of the lower extremity segment coupling 운동역학 : 오래 달리기로 인한 피로가 하지 분절 Coupling 운동의 Variability에 미치는 영향 류지선JiSeonRyu DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine whether the variability of the lower extremity segment couplings effects by fatigue caused with increasing time of running. Eight participants ran on a treadmill up to 2 haws at their preferred running speed. The motion of the lower extremity was recorded using a six-camera Qualisys ProReflex system at operating 200Hz to collect kinematic data. Each of the lower extremity segment angles were calculated in Joint Coordination System in 3D and the quantification of relative motion of each segment coupling was determined using vector coding techniques. The length of mean vector for relative motion across the 5 steps served as the measure of the variability at 5, 30, 60, 90, and 120minutes running at heel strike and toe-off. The conclusion indicated that variabilities between the foot inversion-eversion and the tibia internal-external rotation, the tibia internal-external rotation and the thigh flexion-extention, and between the tibia internal-external rotation and the thigh internal-external rotation coupling during the running were reduced significantly after 90 minutes run compared with 5 minutes run. Key Words coupling, variability, fatigue, relative motion angle
The study of a making program for technical approvement through analysis of kinematic factors in Javelin throw 운동역학 : 국가대표 투창선수의 투창기술 동작 분석 -국가대표 박재명 선수를 중심으로- 문영진MoonYoungJin , 박재범JaeBumPark , 송주호JuHoSong 43(3) 813-823, 2004 Title The study of a making program for technical approvement through analysis of kinematic factors in Javelin throw 운동역학 : 국가대표 투창선수의 투창기술 동작 분석 -국가대표 박재명 선수를 중심으로- 문영진MoonYoungJin , 박재범JaeBumPark , 송주호JuHoSong DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study is making guide of effective exercise through analysis of kinematic factors and providing feedback data in Javelin throw. The definite purpose of study is not changing all of subject’s motion but only diverting the motion factor caused fluctuated record. The analysis were based on phase which composed of running phase, cross-step phase, delivery phase and release phase. The subject of this study was only one javelin thrower who already passed the standard record for the Athens Olympic competition Equipments for data collection wane four video camera, three of four was usual video camera(60frame/sec) for motion capture and one of four was high speed camera(180frame/sec), for capturing momentary, motion, such as javelin release. The conclusion are as follows. 1) The higher the degree of subject’s performance was, the shorten the stride of last step just before release was. On the other hand, if the stride of last step lengthen, the height of release shorten automatically. Thus, in order to achieve approved and stable record, subject should It exercised to shorten the stride of last step. 2) In motion of Javelin throw, the motion of segments told to move proximal to distal. In terms of well performance the throwing motion depend not on shoulder but on all of arm with shoulder for axis. 3) The release height was increased in proportion to the release velocity. The release height depend on the left knee angle which play a important par of axis. 4) Subject in this study weakened hip rotation force but had a powerful shoulder rotation force. So in order to improve subject’s record, specific exercise which could enlarge trunk rotation force should be needed. Key Words javelin throw, feedback, diverting motion
The Kinematic Analysis of the Transition Zone of the Approach of the Men’s Long Jump 운동역학 : 남자 멀리뛰기 도움닫기 변화 국면의 운동학적 분석 박영준YoungJunPark , 김창환ChangHwangKim , 류재균JaeKyunRyu 43(3) 825-835, 2004 Title The Kinematic Analysis of the Transition Zone of the Approach of the Men’s Long Jump 운동역학 : 남자 멀리뛰기 도움닫기 변화 국면의 운동학적 분석 박영준YoungJunPark , 김창환ChangHwangKim , 류재균JaeKyunRyu DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was investigated that the kinematics of performance variables adopted by the university long jumpers during the transition zone of the approach are significantly related to the actual distance jumped. The subjects were Three of the finalists in the men’s long jump competition of the World Student Games held in Daegu, Korea in August 2003. The real-life three-dimensional coordinates of 20 body landmarks during each trial were collected using a Directs Linear Transformation procedure. Three Distal video cameras were used to record the locations and orientations of a range pole and the performance of the subjects at a frequency of 60Hz. Resulting kinematic data were obtained for the last three strides, velocity, height, and angle. After analyzing the kinematic data during to transition zone of the approach following findings are obtained: The rhythm of the last three strides of jumpers is such that the length of the second last stride is longer than that of the last stride. It was conformed that the jumpers increase about 0.2m/s in the horizontal velocity during the final two strides of the approach. The downward velocity of the center of gravity of the whole body was -0.2m/s and over at the touchdown of the takeoff board, indicating that the low center of gravity position helps to keep downward velocity small. The takeoff angle was 20˚ and over. The rang for the change of the body angle showed that the its rate of touchdown and takeoff was appropriately 1.2:1 during the support phase of the takeoff board. Key Words transition zone, takeoff angle, kinematic, downward velocity
The Analysis of Electromyography during Golf Driver Swing 운동역학 : 골프 드라이버 스윙의 근전도 분석 박종율JongRulPark , 조영재YoungJaeCho , 박범영BumYoungPark 43(3) 837-844, 2004 Title The Analysis of Electromyography during Golf Driver Swing 운동역학 : 골프 드라이버 스윙의 근전도 분석 박종율JongRulPark , 조영재YoungJaeCho , 박범영BumYoungPark DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study were to describe and compare the selected electromyographical muscle activities of trunk during Pro-golfer’s and Amateur’s driver swing. Using surface electrode electromyography, we evaluated muscle activity in 6 male professional golfers and 6 male amateur golfers during the golf drive swing. Surface electrodes were used to record the level of muscle activity in the right abdominal oblique, left abdominal oblique, right erector spinae, left erector spinae, right rectus abdominis, left rectus abdominas, right gluteus maximus, left gluteus maximus muscles during the golfer’s swing These signals were compared with %RVC(Refererne voluntary contraction) which was normalized by IEMG(Integrated EMG). The golf swing was divided into time phases: take away, forward swing-acceleration, follow-through we observed patterns of trunk muscle activity throughout three phases of the golf swing. The results can be summarized as follower LES(Left Erector spinae) had statistically significant difference in take away, phase, LES(Left Erector spinae) and RES(Right erecter spinae) had statistically significant difference in forward swing-acceleration phase, RAO(Right abdominal oblique), LES(left erector spinae) and RRA(Right rectus abdominis) had statistically significant difference in follow-through phase. Key Words EMG, IEMG, %RVC
The Relations Between Players’ Height and The Techniques of Scoring in Kumdo 운동역학 : 검도 선수의 시장 차이와 득점 기술의 관계 송주호JooHoSong , 박근호KeonHoPark 43(3) 845-850, 2004 Title The Relations Between Players’ Height and The Techniques of Scoring in Kumdo 운동역학 : 검도 선수의 시장 차이와 득점 기술의 관계 송주호JooHoSong , 박근호KeonHoPark DOI: Abstract The Purpose of this study was to the effect of the player’s height to the pointing techniques. This study reached the following conclusion through analyzing the VCR tape, records, matching records, registration records of the subjects. 1. It is nacre effective to use head attack technique when a player’s height is taller than the opponent whereas wrist and waist attack techniques are effective when the player’s height is shorter than the opponent or two player’s heights are same. 2. When a player’s height is skitter than the opponent, using back and striking technique is useful to get paints considering upper research 3. In conclusion, applied techniques are tried more than simple attack techniques regardless of height difference as current kumdo fit is getting aggressive. Key Words Attack techniques
The Effect of Blindfolded Eyes of Kinematics of Drop Landing 운동역학 : 눈가림이 드롭랜딩의 착지동작에 미치는 영향 조성초SungChoJo 43(3) 851-860, 2004 Title The Effect of Blindfolded Eyes of Kinematics of Drop Landing 운동역학 : 눈가림이 드롭랜딩의 착지동작에 미치는 영향 조성초SungChoJo DOI: Abstract During a landing impact, the human body is exposed to large forces that create the potential for injury. The purpose of this study was to inverstigate to the kinematical differences between blindfolded eye condition and open eye condition during drop landing. Sixteen junior high school boys executed drop jumps from height of 40cm Each subject initiated the drop from the properly adjusted horizontal bar suspended from the ceiling, Each subject performed two landing trials; one is blindfolded eye condition(BFC) and the other is open eye coniticn(OEC), and each trial was recorded with a video camera at a rate of 60 Hz. Five markers were placed the right side of each subject in order to define tie position of upper body, upper leg, lower leg and font as well as the angles between tree segments. Ariel Performance Analysis System was used for analysis of all to images taken. Paired t-test was used for this study, and all statistical tests were conducted at the .05 level of significance. The results were as follows. 1) In initial touchdown, knee angle for BFC was greater than that for OEC by 7.5°(p＜.001), but there were no significant differences between conditions for hip and ankle. 2) In minimum joint angle, hip value for BFC was greater than that for OEC by 226°( p＜.05). 3) In range of joint motion, knee value for BFC was greater than that for OFC by 4.6°(p＜ .05) while hip for DEC was smaller than that for OFC by 11.5°(p＜ .05), but there was no significant difference between conditions for ankle. 4) In maximum angular velocity of joint, knee and ankle values for BFC were grater than those for OEC by 192.9°/sec(p＜ .01) and 133.1°/ sec(p＜ .06) respectively, but there was no significant difference between conditions for hip. 5) In average angular velocity through range of joint notion kite value for BFC was greater than that for OEC by 61.2°/ sec(p＜.01), but there were no significant differences between conditions for hip and ankle. Key Words Drop jump, blindfold
Analysis of upper Body Kinematic Variable according to Difference of Ball Velocity in Baseball Pitching 운동역학 : 야구 투구 시 볼 속도 차이에 따른 상체의 3차원 운동학적 분석 조영재YoungJaeCho , 이성철SungCheulLee , 문곤성GonSungMoon , 박종률JongRulPark 43(3) 861-870, 2004 Title Analysis of upper Body Kinematic Variable according to Difference of Ball Velocity in Baseball Pitching 운동역학 : 야구 투구 시 볼 속도 차이에 따른 상체의 3차원 운동학적 분석 조영재YoungJaeCho , 이성철SungCheulLee , 문곤성GonSungMoon , 박종률JongRulPark DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to present difference of upper Body kinematic variable according to plane when pitched ball velocity unease in the same subject in two pitched ball velocity such as 110km 120km the subjects of this study were the nine right-handed pitcher who belonged to professional, university and high school. 3D cinematograph which pictured subjects- was analyzed by LabVIEW 6i(Johnson G.W., 2000) and SPSS10. 0 to compare ten kinematic variables by plane. The results can be summarized as fellows: In linear velocity, it had the maximal value in such order as hip, shoulder, elbow, hand. Especially, the time when elbow segment and hand segment had the maximal value was different hum the time when ball velocity was slow according to ball velocity increased. Trunk tilt angle, elbow angle and pelvis rotation angle had statistically significant difference in the time when lead foot contact and shoulder’s maximal external rotation. When Instance of ball release, kinematic variables had statistically significant difference in horizontal rotation of shoulder, trunk tilting angle, trunk rotation angle. Also, Angular velocity of maximal upper torso, angle velocity of maximal pelvis, angle of maximal elbow, Extension angle of maximal elbow and maximal internal rotation velocity had statistically significant difference a in cocking plane or acceleration plane. Key Words Trunk tilt, lead foot contact, （LFC）, cocking plane
Angular momentum Analysis of Airborne Movement of Dismount from High Bar 운동역학 : 철봉내리기 동작의 각운동량 분석 최지영JiYoungChoi , 김승재SeungJaeKim 43(3) 871-884, 2004 Title Angular momentum Analysis of Airborne Movement of Dismount from High Bar 운동역학 : 철봉내리기 동작의 각운동량 분석 최지영JiYoungChoi , 김승재SeungJaeKim DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate to the relations between the segments of the body, the three dimensional anatomical angle and the angular momentum of the air born phase and understand the control mechanism of the high-bar movement, the somersault, the double somersault, the double somersault with full twist. For this study seven well trained university gymnastics volunteered, Zatsiorky and Seluyanov’s sixteen segment system anatomical model was used for this study. For the movement analysis three dimensional cinematographical method(APAS) was used and for the calculation of the kinematic variables a self developed program was wed with the LabVIEW 5.1 graphical programming program. By using Eular’s equations the three dimensional anatomical Cardan angles of the joint and angular velocity were defined. 1. As the rotation of the body increased in the air born phase the projection angle of the CM of the total body increased, this resulted the increased of the max hight of the CM. 2. In three dimensional angular velocity the Z axis(vertical direction) projection angular velocity increased as the rotation of the body increased in the airborn phase, but the Y axis and the X axis projection angular velocity did not show significant differences. 3. The somersault angle, the twist angle, the tilt angle of the upper body related to the global reference frame in the releas phase the average somersault angle of the three types of hight-bar movement was 57.7˚, 38.8˚,39.7˚, the average tilt angle was -1.5˚, -5.4˚, -8.4˚, the average twist angle was 13.4˚, 10.6˚, 23.3˚. This result showed that the double somersault with full twist had the largest movement. 4. The angular momentum in the somersault angle the double somersault showed the largest with the average of 72.5±4.81kg·㎡/s, the somersault showed a average of 37.5±9.20kg·㎡/s, the double somersault with full twist showed a average of 63.7±13.22kg ·㎡/s. This result showed that the angular momentum of the double somersault was 35.0kg·㎡/s larger than the somersault, ant the angular momentum of the double somersault with full twist was 26.2kg·㎡/s larger than tie somersault. Key Words High-bar, kinematics, eular’s equation, cardan angle, angular momentum
Comparison and Analysis on the Value Points and the Degree of Perfection for Each Event Among Elite Gymnasts 측정평가 : 체조경기 우수선수의 종목별 가치점과 완성도에 관한 비교분석 남승구SeungGuNam , 한충식HanChungSik 43(3) 887-901, 2004 Title Comparison and Analysis on the Value Points and the Degree of Perfection for Each Event Among Elite Gymnasts 측정평가 : 체조경기 우수선수의 종목별 가치점과 완성도에 관한 비교분석 남승구SeungGuNam , 한충식HanChungSik DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the value points and the degree of perfection for each event wrong elite gymnasts participating in 14th Pusan Asian Game and 2003 summer universiade held in Maps. The results has been obtained as follows. 1. The value points of performance The value points of gymnasts participating in 14th Pusan Asian Game indicate that the highest and lowest scam of the value points in Ham Exercise are 46 and 28, respectively. Also bonus points shows max 1.20 and min .70. Pommel Horse are 51 and 32, respectively. Also bonus points show 1.20 to all gymnasts. Rings are 40 and 30, and bonus points are max 1.20 and min .70. Parallel Bars are 44 and 37. respectively. Also bonus, points shows max 1.20 and min 1.00. Horizontal Bar are 41 and 33, respectively. Also bonus prints show max 1.20 and min .90. Two of gymnasts in vault show perfect performance. In case of 2003 summer universiade held in Daegu, the highest and lowest score of the value points in Floor Exercise are 47 and 21, respectively. Also bonus points shows max 1.30 and min .70. Pommel Horse are 44 and 30, respectively. Also bonus points show max 1.30 and min .70. Rings are 46 and min 35, and bonus pins are max 1.50 and min 1.21. Parallel Bars are 43 and 25, respectively. Also bonus pints shows max 1.30 and min 1.00. Horizontal Bar are 42 and 35, respectively. Also bonus points stow max 1.40 and min .90. Two of gymnasts in vault show perfect performance. 2. The degree of perfection of performance The degree of perfection of gymnasts participating in 14th Pusan Asian Game indicate that the highest and lowest score of the degree of perfection in Floor Exercise are 0.30(94%) 0.80(84%), Pommel Horse are 020(96%) and 0.60(88%), Rings, are 0.20(96%) and 0.90(82%). Parallel Bars are 0.20(96%) and 0.90(82%), Horizontal bar are 0.20(96%) and 0.70(820, Vault are 030(91%), 0.%(82%) in the 1st opportunity and 0.20(%%). 0.70(86%) 2nd opportunity. In case of 2003 summer universiade held in Daegu, the degree of perfection for each tent show mix 0.50(90%) and min 1.20(76%) in Floor Exercise. Pommel Horse are 0.30(94%) and 1.00(80%), respectively. Rings are 0.20(96%) and 0.50(82%). Parallel Bars are 0.40(92%) and 1.10(78%), respectively. Horizontal Bar an, 0.30(94%) and 1.00(80%) respectively. The Vault are max 0.30(94%) and min 1.10(78%) in the 1st opportunity and max 0.20(96%), min 1.00(80%) in the 2nd opportunity. Key Words Gymnastic players, value points, degree of perfection
The notational analysis of the domestic man’s single tennis game 측정평가 : 국내 남자 테니스 단식 경기의 승패 요인과 득점 과정 분석 이기봉GeeBongLee , 이영석YoungSukLee , 이기청GeeCheongLee 43(3) 903-911, 2004 Title The notational analysis of the domestic man’s single tennis game 측정평가 : 국내 남자 테니스 단식 경기의 승패 요인과 득점 과정 분석 이기봉GeeBongLee , 이영석YoungSukLee , 이기청GeeCheongLee DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to analyze both the winning and lacing factors and the process of the getting point at the domestic nets single tennis games in 2003. Thirty collegiate and semi-professional players were participated in the fifteen single games. Twenty-one variables were selected and observed by notational analysis Discriminant analysis was used for the purpose of this study. In order to perform statistical analysis, SPSS (Version 11.5) was used. The results of the study were as follows: 1. Stoke is the main variable to gain points in the single tennis match. It was the positive factor to win the match using the forehand and backhand stroke equivalently. 2. The waning and losing factors were the numbers of service game, the numbers of brake gain, and the numbers of effective smash. 3. In order to gain nut of the points a server performed stroke. The precise and powerful first service was the main factor. 4. In order to pin pints, a receiver performed return. The waiver performed return and stroke contrary to the opponent’s player. Key Words Tennis game, notational analysis, discrimininant analysis winning factor, process of the getting points
The Effect of Trimmed Mean Method on The Fairness of Dance Performance Assessment 측정평가 : 양극배제평균방법이 무용 연기력 심사의 공정성에 미치는 영향 최윤선YounSunChoi , 강상조SangJoKang 43(3) 913-924, 2004 Title The Effect of Trimmed Mean Method on The Fairness of Dance Performance Assessment 측정평가 : 양극배제평균방법이 무용 연기력 심사의 공정성에 미치는 영향 최윤선YounSunChoi , 강상조SangJoKang DOI: Abstract Holistic method relies heavily on performance assessment by multiple judges in dance However, the assessment itself can be influenced by the judge’s seventy and inconsistency in tin dance performance measures. The trimmed mean has been used in dance performance as a summing method of judges’ assessment results. However, the severity and leniency in the assessment of the remaining judges who are not involved in summing process may not be accounted for by the trimmed mean. The purpose of the study was to examine the fairness of the trimmed mean method as a summing method of judges’ assessment results, using the many-faceted Rasch rating scale model on the data from the modem dance contest. The data consisted of five judges assessment of 40 senior high school’s modem dances The judges assigned scores for the each dancer range from 50 to 100. The 2-faceted Rasch measurement model was used to calibrate the judges score. Judges’ severity and inconsistency were examined by Infit and Outfit statistics and reliability of separation index. The dancers varied in performance from -0.98 to 0.28 logits with standard errors of 0.29 and 0.09. The fit statistics and measures of dancer performance indicate most dancers’ assessments fit the model and that some of the dancers were more able than others (x2(39) = 240.6, p ＜ .001). The judges varied in severity from -0.14 to 0.09 logits with standard errors of 0.04 and 0.03 (x2(4) = 25.6, p ＜ .001). The fit statistics indicate that each judge exhibited a high degree of internal consistency (Outfit statistics: 0.8 - 1.2). There was a tendency toward over consistency from Judge C as denoted by 0.5 Infit statistics. It was revealed that emulation between the sunning score of the judge’ assessment by the tinned mean method and logits score obtained from Rasch rating scale model was 0.895. However, the rank obtained from these two methods were consistent with 8 out of 40 dancers. The many-faceted Rasch measurement model demonstrated a psychometrically appropriate technique for informing the fairness of the judges. Key Words Trimmed mean method, dance performance, judge’s severity
The effects of vertebra rehabilitation exercise therapy on motion function and EMG in the individuals with Cerebral Palsy 특수체육 : 뇌성마비 장애인의 척추운동 재활용법이 운동기능 및 근전도에 미치는 영향 오이표YiPyoOh , 김남익NamIkKim 43(3) 927-936, 2004 Title The effects of vertebra rehabilitation exercise therapy on motion function and EMG in the individuals with Cerebral Palsy 특수체육 : 뇌성마비 장애인의 척추운동 재활용법이 운동기능 및 근전도에 미치는 영향 오이표YiPyoOh , 김남익NamIkKim DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of vertebra rehabilitation exercise therapy on the improvement of nation function and EMG in the individuals with central palsy. The subjects were totally sixteen patients in their age ranged within twenties or thirties who were diagnosed as the first-grade spastic type cerebral palsy in the Korean Society for the Cerebral Palsied, but participated in no regular exercise program The subjects of this study were classified into control group, vertebra position therapy group, exercise rehabilitation group, and group with both vertebral position therapy and exercise rehabilitation The results of notion function and EMG were as follows: The muscular endurance in the group with vertebra position therapy plus exercise rehabilitation was significantly elevated than other groups, flexibility of reach group except control was attentively elevated Agility in vertebra position group and group with vertebra position plus exercise rehabilitation was noticeably elevated than control and exercise rehabilitation group. Balance of each group was indicated in no great different. Without gravity, both left and right sides EMG were meaningfully reduced only in the group with vertebra position therapy plus exercise rehabilitation However, there made no meaningful difference in two kilogram loading state. Putting all the results together, the vertebral exercise rehabilitation therapy is wry effective in the improvement of motion function. Additionally, vertebral, pelvic correction with manual reduction will be able to improve balancing and flexibility. Key Words Vertebra rehabilitation exercise therapy, motion function, EMG, cerebral palsy
Organization of Public Administration Regarding Disabled Sports and Sports Policies in Europe and the U.S.A 특수체육 : 구미의 장애인체육 행정조직과 스포츠정책 한민규MinKyuHan 43(3) 937-945, 2004 Title Organization of Public Administration Regarding Disabled Sports and Sports Policies in Europe and the U.S.A 특수체육 : 구미의 장애인체육 행정조직과 스포츠정책 한민규MinKyuHan DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study is to collect information regarding the organization of public administration regarding disabled sports, policies regarding disabled sports and organization of disabled sports in developed nations of sports, such as Europe and the U.S.A to present a development model of disabled sports suitable to the 2lst century. The condition can be summarized as the following rust, developed nations of disabled spats administer disabled spirits in a part of the administrative branch covers sports as a department that solely deals with disabled sports. Second, developed nations of disabled spurts allow only disabled sports specific departments to administer disabled sports and these organizations administer not only sports for the disabled but all areas such as retention and rehabilitative sports. Third, developed nations of disabled spits provide the disabled with a chance of participation at local dub levels through local organizations and are organized in local, regional and a central national organization. Fourth, National Paralympic Committee(NPC) should be provided with independence as an member of the IPC and formed by experts in international sports for the disabled to actively adapt to continuously changing environment. Key Words IPC, NPC, sports for the disabled, sport organization for the disabled
Effect of perception-action coupling exercise on posture balance in the elderly 발육발달 : Perception-action coupling 운동이 노인들의 자세균형에 미치는 영향 김현주HyeonJuKim , 최종환JongHwanChoi , 이규문GyuMoonLee , 장봉우BongWooChang 43(3) 949-959, 2004 Title Effect of perception-action coupling exercise on posture balance in the elderly 발육발달 : Perception-action coupling 운동이 노인들의 자세균형에 미치는 영향 김현주HyeonJuKim , 최종환JongHwanChoi , 이규문GyuMoonLee , 장봉우BongWooChang DOI: Abstract The purpose of this study vow to investigate the effect of c piton-action coupling exercise on posture balance in the elderly. The subject(n=42) were assigned to 2 groups: perception-action coupling exercise(PACE) group(n=20, 68.00±4.50 yrs) and general exercise(GE) group(n=22, 67.33±4.85 yrs). The subs were asked to participate in participation coupling’s exercise program or general exercise program(3 times/week 80min/day) for 12 weeks. The subjects were used on static posture balance(eyes open and close) and dynamic posture balance(anterior and posterior) at the beginning and the end of the 12-weeks program For data analysis, toad root mean square values were calulated and independent t-tests and 2 way-ANOVA we used. After 2 different exercise programs for 12 week, both groups did not show any change on static posture balance. But PACE group was better than GE program group on dynamic posture control ability. Therefore, this study may suggest that exercise program based on perception-action coupling improves posture balance in the elderly, and further becomes an effective way that prevents from falling. Key Words Perception-action coupling exercise, static posture balance, dynamic posture balance, the elderly

Journal of Korean Alliance for Health,Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance

Vol.43 No.3

The analysis of newspaper articles about Korean Women’s Judo -Focused on gender-discriminated expressions from 1970’s to 1990’s- 체육사 : 한국 여자유도에 관한 신문기사의 내용분석 -1970년대부터 1990년대까지의 성차별적 표현을 중심으로-

Women Sports in Ancient Greek World 체육사 : 고대 그리스세계의 여성체육

A Study on Physical Education Cultural Movement of Un Hyeong Yeo 체육철학 : 몽양(夢陽) 여운형(呂運亨)의 체육(體育)문화(文化)활동(活動)

What does Ki-hap(shout) Mean in Oriental Martial Arts 체육철학 : 동양무예(東洋武藝)에 있어서 기합(氣合)의 의미

The Common Good in Sport Phenomenon: How Can We Find Out? 체육철학 : 스포츠현상에서의 공동(共同)선(善): 어떻게 찾아야 하나?

An Approach on the Sport Experience Based on Merleau-Ponty’s Notion "Flesh" 체육철학 : 스포츠 경험에 대한 메를로-퐁티의 살 철학적 접근

A Study on the Bullying Experienced Dance Majoring Students’ Satisfaction of School Life Majoring students’ Satisfaction of School Life and Dance Exercise 스포츠사회학 : 집단 따돌림을 경험한 무용전공 학생의 학교생활 만족과 무용연습량 연구

The Relationship between Degree of Participation in Cycle Race, Addictive Gambling Tendency and Recognition of Cycle Race 스포츠사회학 : 경륜 참여정도와 도박적 참여성향 및 경륜인식의 관계

An Ethnographic Analysis for Characteristic of Sociable in Fraternal Golfer’s Subculture 스포츠사회학 : 골프동호인 하위문화의 사교성에 관한 문화기술적 연구

The Effect of the Motives for Taking "Elementary Dance" Course on the Dance articipation Intention among Students in Teacher’s Colleges 스포츠사회학 : 교육대학생의 초등무용 교과수강 동기가 무용참가 의사에 미치는 영향

A study on policy alternative for class absence of student-athletes 스포츠사회학 : 학생선수들의 수업결손에 대한 정책대안연구

The Consuming Culture Research which it Follows in Age of the Sports Tourism Participants 스포츠사회학 : 스포츠관광 참가자들의 연령에 따른 소비문화 연구

Systemic Analysis of the Effective Factors of the Korean Foreign Policy Decision to the North Korea 스포츠사회학 : 한국 대북 스포츠 외교정책결정 영향요인에 관한 체제론적 분석연구

Analysis of Determining Factors in Selecting TV Sports News Channels 스포츠사회학 : TV 스포츠뉴스 채널의 선택결정요인 분석

The Effects of Acute Moderate Exercise on Electroencephalogram and Competitive State Anxiety 스포츠심리학 : 일회적 중등도 운동이 EEG 및 경쟁상태불안에 미치는 효과

Performance and Learning Effects of Golf Putting Skill According to Feedback Source and Frequency: Test of The Guidance Hypothesis 스포츠심리학 : 피드백 출처와 빈도에 따른 골프 퍼팅기술의 수행 및 학습효과: 안내가설의 검증

The Learning Effects of Modeling and Verbal feedback According to The Degree of Difficulty in A Hoop Movement of Rhythmic Gymnastics 스포츠심리학 : 피드백의 제시형태와 난이도에 따른 리듬체조 후프동작 학습의 효과

Anxiety from EEG Self-Regulation Training and Change of Electroencephalogram 스포츠심리학 : 뇌파 자기조절 훈련에 따른 불안과 뇌전위의 변화

The Effects of the Different Group Sizes on the Tendency of Interpersonal Relationships of Elementary School students 스포츠교육학 : 게임 활동의 집단크기와 대인관계 성향의 관계

The Impact of Cognitive Strategy-Based Instruction on Student Achievement 스포츠교육학 : 인지적 교수전략이 학습성취에 미치는 영향

An Analysis of physical Education Curriculum Implementation at Elementary School Level based on the 7th National Curriculum 스포츠교육학 : 제7차 교육과정에 따른 초등학교 체육 교육과정 및 수업 운영 실태 분석

The Management Method of Athletes for Gymnastics Coaches 스포츠교육학 : 체조지도자의 선수관리방법

A Study of Historical Sociology on Physical Education Teachers’ Works 스포츠교육학 : 체육교육사의 일에 대한 역사사회학적 검토

Study on Physical Education Attitude Difference Among Middle School Students according to Gender Role Identity 스포츠교육학 : 중학교 남녀학생들의 성역할 정체감 유형에 따른 체육수업태도 차이

The Relationship Between Psychological Readiness on Secondary Physical Education Teachers and Intention of the Improving Teaching 스포츠교육학 : 중등 체육교사의 심리적 준비성과 수업탐구 의지와의 관계

Analysis on Performances of World Excellent Gymnasts in Horizontal Bar 스포츠교육학 : 세계 우수체조선수의 철봉 연기내용에 대한 분석

The Experience and Recognition through Elementary School Students’ Taekwondo Training Program 사회체육 : 초등학생의 태권도 수련 프로그램에 관한 체험과 인식

Inservice Education Program for Professional Development of Sport for All Leaders 사회체육 : 사회체육전문인의 전문능력 향상을 위한 현직교육 프로그램 개발

A Conflict and Turnover of Sport Instructors 사회체육 : 사회체육지도자의 갈등 및 이직

The analysis of newspaper articles about Korean Women’s Judo -Focused on gender-discriminated expressions from 1970’s to 1990’s-
체육사 : 한국 여자유도에 관한 신문기사의 내용분석 -1970년대부터 1990년대까지의 성차별적 표현을 중심으로-

Women Sports in Ancient Greek World
체육사 : 고대 그리스세계의 여성체육

A Study on Physical Education Cultural Movement of Un Hyeong Yeo
체육철학 : 몽양(夢陽) 여운형(呂運亨)의 체육(體育)문화(文化)활동(活動)

What does Ki-hap(shout) Mean in Oriental Martial Arts
체육철학 : 동양무예(東洋武藝)에 있어서 기합(氣合)의 의미

The Common Good in Sport Phenomenon: How Can We Find Out?
체육철학 : 스포츠현상에서의 공동(共同)선(善): 어떻게 찾아야 하나?

An Approach on the Sport Experience Based on Merleau-Ponty’s Notion "Flesh"
체육철학 : 스포츠 경험에 대한 메를로-퐁티의 살 철학적 접근

A Study on the Bullying Experienced Dance Majoring Students’ Satisfaction of School Life Majoring students’ Satisfaction of School Life and Dance Exercise
스포츠사회학 : 집단 따돌림을 경험한 무용전공 학생의 학교생활 만족과 무용연습량 연구

The Relationship between Degree of Participation in Cycle Race, Addictive Gambling Tendency and Recognition of Cycle Race
스포츠사회학 : 경륜 참여정도와 도박적 참여성향 및 경륜인식의 관계

An Ethnographic Analysis for Characteristic of Sociable in Fraternal Golfer’s Subculture
스포츠사회학 : 골프동호인 하위문화의 사교성에 관한 문화기술적 연구

The Effect of the Motives for Taking "Elementary Dance" Course on the Dance articipation Intention among Students in Teacher’s Colleges
스포츠사회학 : 교육대학생의 초등무용 교과수강 동기가 무용참가 의사에 미치는 영향

A study on policy alternative for class absence of student-athletes
스포츠사회학 : 학생선수들의 수업결손에 대한 정책대안연구

The Consuming Culture Research which it Follows in Age of the Sports Tourism Participants
스포츠사회학 : 스포츠관광 참가자들의 연령에 따른 소비문화 연구

Systemic Analysis of the Effective Factors of the Korean Foreign Policy Decision to the North Korea
스포츠사회학 : 한국 대북 스포츠 외교정책결정 영향요인에 관한 체제론적 분석연구

Analysis of Determining Factors in Selecting TV Sports News Channels
스포츠사회학 : TV 스포츠뉴스 채널의 선택결정요인 분석

The Effects of Acute Moderate Exercise on Electroencephalogram and Competitive State Anxiety
스포츠심리학 : 일회적 중등도 운동이 EEG 및 경쟁상태불안에 미치는 효과

Performance and Learning Effects of Golf Putting Skill According to Feedback Source and Frequency: Test of The Guidance Hypothesis
스포츠심리학 : 피드백 출처와 빈도에 따른 골프 퍼팅기술의 수행 및 학습효과: 안내가설의 검증

The Learning Effects of Modeling and Verbal feedback According to The Degree of Difficulty in A Hoop Movement of Rhythmic Gymnastics
스포츠심리학 : 피드백의 제시형태와 난이도에 따른 리듬체조 후프동작 학습의 효과

Anxiety from EEG Self-Regulation Training and Change of Electroencephalogram
스포츠심리학 : 뇌파 자기조절 훈련에 따른 불안과 뇌전위의 변화

The Effects of the Different Group Sizes on the Tendency of Interpersonal Relationships of Elementary School students
스포츠교육학 : 게임 활동의 집단크기와 대인관계 성향의 관계

The Impact of Cognitive Strategy-Based Instruction on Student Achievement
스포츠교육학 : 인지적 교수전략이 학습성취에 미치는 영향

An Analysis of physical Education Curriculum Implementation at Elementary School Level based on the 7th National Curriculum
스포츠교육학 : 제7차 교육과정에 따른 초등학교 체육 교육과정 및 수업 운영 실태 분석

The Management Method of Athletes for Gymnastics Coaches
스포츠교육학 : 체조지도자의 선수관리방법

A Study of Historical Sociology on Physical Education Teachers’ Works
스포츠교육학 : 체육교육사의 일에 대한 역사사회학적 검토

Study on Physical Education Attitude Difference Among Middle School Students according to Gender Role Identity
스포츠교육학 : 중학교 남녀학생들의 성역할 정체감 유형에 따른 체육수업태도 차이

The Relationship Between Psychological Readiness on Secondary Physical Education Teachers and Intention of the Improving Teaching
스포츠교육학 : 중등 체육교사의 심리적 준비성과 수업탐구 의지와의 관계

Analysis on Performances of World Excellent Gymnasts in Horizontal Bar
스포츠교육학 : 세계 우수체조선수의 철봉 연기내용에 대한 분석

The Experience and Recognition through Elementary School Students’ Taekwondo Training Program
사회체육 : 초등학생의 태권도 수련 프로그램에 관한 체험과 인식

Inservice Education Program for Professional Development of Sport for All Leaders
사회체육 : 사회체육전문인의 전문능력 향상을 위한 현직교육 프로그램 개발

A Conflict and Turnover of Sport Instructors
사회체육 : 사회체육지도자의 갈등 및 이직